Indonesia: Pagkakaiba sa mga binago

Ang pambansang populasyon mula sa 2000 pambansang sensus ay nasa 206 milyon,<ref name="bps2000">{{cite press release |title=2000 Population Statistics |publisher=Indonesian Central Statistics Bureau |date=30 Hunyo 2000 |url=http://www.bps.go.id/sector/population/pop2000.htm |accessdate=2006-10-05}}</ref> at ang Kawanihang Sentral Pang-Estadistika ng Indonesia at ''Statistics Indonesia'' ay tinaya ang populasyon na nasa 222 milyon noong 2006.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite press release |publisher=Indonesian Central Statistics Bureau |title=Tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia Tahun 2005–2006 |date=1 Setyembre 2006 |url=http://www.bps.go.id/releases/files/kemiskinan-01sep06.pdf|format=PDF |language=[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] |accessdate=2006-09-26}}</ref> 130 milyon katao ang nakatira sa [[Java]], ang pinakamataong pulo sa buong daigdig.<ref>{{cite web |last=Calder |first=Joshua |title=Most Populous Islands |publisher=World Island Information |date=3 Mayo 2006 |url=http://www.worldislandinfo.com/POPULATV2.htm |accessdate=2006-09-26}}</ref> Kahit na medyo epektibo ang programang pagpaplano ng pamilya na ginawa pa noong dekada '60, ang populasyon ay inaaasahang lalago sa humigit kumulang 315 milyong sa taong 2035, batay sa kasalukuyang taya ng taunang pagtaas na 1.25%.<ref>{{cite book | last =Witton | first =Patrick | title =Indonesia | publisher =Lonely Planet | year =2003 | location =Melbourne | page =47 | isbn=1-74059-154-2}}</ref>

 

 

Karamihan sa mga Indones ay mula sa mga [[Mga Austronesyo|Austronesyo]] mga tao na mula sa Taiwan. Ang iba pang pangunahing pangkat ay ang mga [[Melanesiano]], na naninirahan sa silangang Indonesia.<ref>Taylor (2003), pages 5–7, {{cite book | last = Dawson| first = B.| coauthors = Gillow, J.| title = The Traditional Architecture of Indonesia | publisher = Thames and Hudson Ltd | year = 1994 | location = London | page = 7 | isbn = 0-500-34132-X }}; {{cite book | last =Witton | first =Patrick | title =Indonesia | publisher =Lonely Planet | year =2003 | location =Melbourne | pages =139, 181, 251, 435 | isbn=1-74059-154-2 }}</ref> Mayroong 300 na natatanging mga katutubong lahi sa Indonesia, at 742 na iba't ibang wika at diyalekto.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Expat Web Site Association |title=An Overview of Indonesia |work=Living in Indonesia, A Site for Expatriates |url=http://www.expat.or.id/info/overview.html |accessdate=2006-10-05}}; {{cite web |last=Merdekawaty |first=E. |title="Bahasa Indonesia" and languages of Indonesia |work=UNIBZ - Introduction to Linguistics |publisher=Free University of Bozen |date=2006-07-06 |url=http://www.languagestudies.unibz.it/Bahasa%20Indonesia_Merdekawaty.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=2006-07-17}}</ref> Ang pinakamalaki ay ang mga [[Habanes]], na bumubuo sa 42% ng populasyon, at pampolitika at kultural na dominante sa bansa.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kingsbury |first=Damien |title=Autonomy and Disintegration in Indonesia |publisher=Routledge |page=131 |isbn=0-415-29737-0}}</ref> Ang mga [[Sundanes]], mga etnikong Malay, at mga [[Madures]] naman ay ang ibang malalaking pangkat na sunod sa mga Habanes.<ref>Small but significant populations of [[Overseas Chinese|ethnic Chinese]], Indians, Europeans and Arabs are concentrated mostly in [[urban area]]s.</ref> A sense of Indonesian nationhood exists alongside strongly maintained regional identities.<ref name="RICKLEFS_256">Ricklefs (1991), page 256</ref> Pangkalahatang maayos ang lipunan, subalit ang mga tensiyong panlipunan, panrelihiyon at etniko ay nagpapasimula ng matinding kaguluhan.<ref>Domestic migration (including the official [[Transmigrasi]] program) are a cause of violence such as the massacre of hundreds of Madurese by a local [[Dayak people|Dayak]] community in [[West Kalimantan]], and conflicts in [[Maluku]], [[Sulawesi Tengah|Central Sulawesi]], and parts of [[Papua (probinsya ng Indonesia)|Papua]] and [[West Papua (probinsya)|West Papua]] {{cite paper |author=T.N. Pudjiastuti |title=Migration & Conflict in Indonesia |publisher=International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP), Paris |year=2002 |url=http://www.iussp.org/Bangkok2002/S15Pudjiastuti.pdf |format=PDF|accessdate=2006-09-17}}; {{cite web|title=Kalimantan The Conflict|work=Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research |url=http://www.preventconflict.org/portal/main/maps_kalimantan_conflict.php |accessdate=2007-01-07 |publisher=Conflict Prevention Initiative, Harvard University}}; {{cite conference|author=J.W. Ajawaila; M.J. Papilaya; Tonny D. Pariela; F. Nahusona; G. Leasa; T. Soumokil; James Lalaun and W. R. Sihasale |title=Proposal Pemecahan Masalah Kerusuhan di Ambon |publisher=Fica-Net |year=1999 |location=Ambon, Indonesia |url=http://www.fica.org/h/ambon/idRusuh1.html |accessdate=2006-09-29| booktitle=Report on Church and Human Rights Persecution in Indonesia}}; Kyoto University: Sulawesi Kaken Team & Center for Southeast Asian Studies {{PDFlink|[http://sulawesi.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/lib/pdf/MRidwanAlimuddin.pdf Bugis Sailors]|124&nbsp;KB}}</ref> [[Ang mga Tsinong Indones]] ay isang etnik maynoriting may-impluwensiya sa Indonesia. Mas konti sa 5% sila ng populasyon. Ang mga Tsinong Indones ay nag-aari ng maraming pribadong kayamanan at kanegosyohan,<ref>Schwarz (1994), pages 53, 80–81; Friend (2003), pages 85–87, 164–165, 233–237</ref> kaya may hinanakit sa kanila; nangyaring nagkaroon ng karahasan laban sa mga Tsinong Indones.<ref>{{cite web |author=M. F. Swasono |title=Indigenous Cultures in the Development of Indonesia |work=Integration of endogenous cultural dimension into development |publisher=Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, New Delhi |year=1997 |url=http://ignca.nic.in/cd_05008.htm |accessdate=2006-09-17}}; {{cite web |first=S. Long |title=The Overseas Chinese |publisher=Prospect Magazine |date=9 Abril 1998 |url=http://www.prospect-magazine.co.uk/article_details.php?id=4212 |accessdate=2006-09-17}} The [[Jakarta Riots of Mayo 1998|riots in Jakarta in 1998]]—much of which were aimed at the Chinese—were, in part, expressions of this resentment. {{cite web |author=M. Ocorandi |title=An Analysis of the Implication of Suharto's resignation for Chinese Indonesians |publisher=Worldwide HuaRen Peace Mission |date=28 Mayo 1998 |url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/54b/083.html |accessdate=2006-09-26}}; {{cite web |author=F.H. Winarta |title=Bhinneka Tunggal Ika Belum Menjadi Kenyataan Menjelang HUT Kemerdekaan RI Ke-59 |publisher=Komisi Hukum Nasional Republik Indonesia (National Law Commission, Republic of Indonesia), Jakarta |month=August | year=2004 |url=http://ignca.nic.in/cd_05008.htm |language=[[Wikang Indones|Indones]]}}</ref>