COVID-19: Pagkakaiba sa mga binago
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{{short description|Nakakahawang sakit sa paghinga na unang nadiskubre noong 2019}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = ''Coronavirus disease 2019''<br />(COVID-19)
| synonyms =
*''2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease''
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}}
Ang '''COVID-19''' ('''''coronavirus disease 2019'''''),<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200211-sitrep-22-ncov.pdf|title=Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): situation report, 22|last=|first=|date=February 11, 2020|publisher=[[World Health Organization]]|issue=|doi=|volume=|pmid=|access-date=|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|year=}}</ref> na dating kilala bilang '''''2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease''''', ay isang nakakahawang sakit dulot ng [[SARS-CoV-2]], isang birus na may kaugnayan sa [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus|SARS-CoV]].<ref name="autogenerated2">{{Cite journal|last=Gorbalenya|first=Alexander E.|date=2020-02-11|title=Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus – The species and its viruses, a statement of the Coronavirus Study Group|url=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.07.937862v1|journal=bioRxiv|language=en|pages=2020.02.07.937862|doi=10.1101/2020.02.07.937862|access-date=11 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211175138/https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.07.937862v1|archive-date=11 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51466362|title=Coronavirus disease named Covid-19|date=2020-02-11|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=2020-02-11|language=en-GB|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211162411/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-51466362|archive-date=11 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Naitala ang mga unang kaso nito sa [[Wuhan]], kabisera ng [[Hubei|lalawigan ng Hubei]], sa [[Tsina]] noong Disyembre 2019, at mula noon ay kumalat sa buong mundo, na humantong sa nagpapatuloy na [[Pandemya ng coronavirus ng 2019–20|pandemya ng
Karaniwang naipapasa ang sakit sa malapitang pakikitungo at sa pamamagitan ng mga [[Respiratory droplet|pahingahahang patak]] kapag [[Ubo|umuubo]] o bumabahing.<ref name="CDCTrans">{{cite web|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—Transmission|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prepare/transmission.html|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|accessdate=23 March 2020|language=en-us|date=17 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="WHO2020QA">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses|title=Q&A on coronaviruses|work=[[World Health Organization]]|date=11 February 2020|access-date=24 February 2020}}</ref> Maaaring magkaroon ng mga patak-patak habang humihinga ngunit sa pangkalahatan, hindi [[Airborne disease|dinadala ng hangin]] ang
Kabilang sa mga inirerekumendang hakbang upang maiwasan ang pagkahawa ay madalas na [[Hand washing|paghuhugas ng kamay]], [[panlipunang pagpapalayo]] (pagpapanatili ng pisikal na distansya mula sa ibang tao, lalo na sa mga may sintomas), pagtatakip ng mga ubo at bahing ng tisyu o panloob na siko, at paglayo ng maruming kamay mula sa mukha.<ref name="Advice for public">{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public|title=Advice for public|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|access-date=25 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126025750/https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public|archive-date=26 January 2020|url-status=live|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-guidance-on-social-distancing-and-for-vulnerable-people/guidance-on-social-distancing-for-everyone-in-the-uk-and-protecting-older-people-and-vulnerable-adults|title=Guidance on social distancing for everyone in the UK|website=GOV.UK|language=en|access-date=25 March 2020}}</ref> Inirerekumenda ang paggamit ng mga [[Masks|mask]] sa mga nagsususpetsa na may
Noong 30 Enero 2020, indineklara ng [[Pandaigdigang Organisasyon sa Kalusugan]] (WHO) ang [[pagkalat ng koronabirus ng 2019–20]] bilang isang [[Public Health Emergency of International Concern|
== Palatandaan at sintomas ==
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Ang mga nahawa ng
Gaya ng pangkaraniwan sa mga impeksyon, mayroong pagkaantala mula sa sandaling mahawahan ang tao ng
Ipinapahayag ng mga ulat na hindi lahat ng mga nahawa ay nagkakaroon ng mga sintomas, ngunit hindi alam ang kanilang papel sa pagkakalat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/faq.html|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)|last=CDC|date=2020-02-11|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214023335/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/faq.html|archive-date=14 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Iminumungkahi ng pangunang ebidensya na maaaring mag-ambag ang mga asintomatikong kaso sa pagkalat ng sakit.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bai|date=2020-02-21|archive-date=4 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304210815/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762028|access-date=8 March 2020|pmid=32083643|pmc=7042844|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.2020.2565|language=en|journal=JAMA|url=https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762028|title=Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19|first7=Meiyun|first=Yan|last7=Wang|first6=Lijuan|last6=Chen|first5=Dong-Yan|last5=Jin|first4=Fei|last4=Tian|first3=Tao|last3=Wei|first2=Lingsheng|last2=Yao|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-31/china-reveals-1-541-symptom-free-virus-cases-under-pressure|title=China Reveals 1,541 Symptom-Free Virus Cases Under Pressure|last=|first=|date=31 March 2020|website=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-03-31}}</ref> Hindi alam at pinag-aaralan pa ang hagway ng nahawang tao na hindi nagpapakita ng sintomas sa kasalukuyan. Iniulat ng CDC ng Timog Korea na 20% ng lahat ng kumpirmadong kaso ay nanatiling asintomatiko noong panahon ng pamamalagi sa ospital.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ktv.go.kr/program/home/PG1110921D/content/595426|title=코로나19 국내 발생현황 브리핑 (20. 03. 16. 14시)|website=ktv.go.kr|language=ko|access-date=2020-03-31}}</ref>
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Pinag-aaralan pa rin ang iilang detalye kung paano [[transmission (medicine)|kumakalat]] ang sakit.<ref name="ECDCQA" /><ref name="CDCTrans" /><!-- Quote=We are still learning how it spreads --> Sinabi ng WHO at CDC na pangunahin nang naikakalat ito tuwing malapit na kaugnayan at sa pamamagitan ng [[Respiratory droplet|palahingahang patak]] mula sa [[Ubo|pag-ubo]] at [[Sneeze|pagbahing]];<ref name=WHO2020QA/><ref name=CDCTrans/><!-- The virus is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person ... Between people who are in close contact with one another ... Via respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. --><!-- Quote=The main way the disease spreads is through respiratory droplets expelled by someone who is coughing. --> at binibigyang-kahulugan ang malapit na kaugnayan bilang nasa pagitan ng 1{{nbsp}}hanggang 2{{nbsp}}metro (3 to 6{{nbsp}}talampakan).<ref name=WHO2020QA/><!-- This is why it is important to stay more than a meter (3 feet) away from a person who is sick. --> Natuklasan ng isang pagsusuri sa Singgapura na maaaring humantong ang ubo na hindi tinakpan sa paglalakbay ng mga patak ng hanggang 4.5 metro (15 talampakan).<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=etal |last1=Loh |first1=Ne-Hooi Will |last2=Tan |first2=Yanni |last3=Taculod |first3=Juvel H. |title=The Impact of High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) on Coughing Distance: Implications on Its Use During the Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak |journal=Canadian Journal of Anesthesia |date=18 March 2020 |doi=10.1007/s12630-020-01634-3 |pmid=32189218 |pmc=7090637}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bourouiba|first1=Lydia|title=Turbulent Gas Clouds and Respiratory Pathogen Emissions: Potential Implications for Reducing Transmission of COVID-19|journal=JAMA|date=26 March 2020 |pmid = 32215590|doi=10.1001/jama.2020.4756}}</ref>
Maaari ring maglabas ng palahingahang patak habang humihinga, pati na rin kapag nagsasalita, ngunit karaniwang hindi[[airborne]] ang
Pinakanakahahawa ang
Nananatiling "buhay" ang mga
=== Birolohiya ===
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[[File:Coronavirus virion structure.svg|thumb|Larawan ng ''SARSr-CoV virion'']]
Ang
Sa labas ng katawan ng tao, namamatay ang
Tila may kaugnayan ang SARS-CoV-2 sa orihinal na SARS-CoV.<ref name="Zhu24Jan2020" /> Ipinapalagay na nanggaling ito sa [[Zoonosis|hayop]]. Isinisiwalat ng pag-aanalisang henetiko na karaniwang nagtitipun-tipon ang
== Patopisyolohiya ==
Pinaapektado ang mga baga sa COVID-19 dahil ang mga pinapasukan ang mga
Nakaaapekto rin ang
== Pagririkonosi ==
[[Talaksan:CDC_2019-nCoV_Laboratory_Test_Kit.jpg|thumb|CDC [[rRT-PCR]] na kagamitang pansuri para sa COVID-19<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/testing.html|title=CDC Tests for 2019-nCoV|author=CDC|date=5 February 2020|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214023335/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/testing.html|archive-date=14 February 2020|access-date=12 February 2020|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref>]]
Inilathala ng [[World Health Organization|WHO]] ang iilang protokol sa pagsusuri ng sakit.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117|title=Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|access-date=13 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317023052/https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117|archive-date=17 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Ang pamantayang pamaraan ng pagsusuri ay ang totoong oras na [[rRT-PCR]].<ref name="20200130cdc">{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/summary.html|title=2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Summary|date=30 January 2020|website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126210549/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html|archive-date=26 January 2020|access-date=30 January 2020|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> Karaniwang sinusuri ang mga sampol mula sa palahingahan na nakuha ng [[Nasopharyngeal swab|pamahid sa nasoparinks]], ngunit maaaring gamitin ang pamahid sa ilong o sampol ng [[Sputum|uhog]].<ref name="CDC2020Testing2" /><ref name="20200129cdc">{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/rt-pcr-detection-instructions.html|title=Real-Time RT-PCR Panel for Detection 2019-nCoV|date=29 January 2020|website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130202031/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/rt-pcr-detection-instructions.html|archive-date=30 January 2020|url-status=live|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> Makukuha dapat ang mga resulta sa loob ng iilang oras hanggang dalawang araw.<ref name="globenewswire1977226">{{cite web|url=https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/01/30/1977226/0/en/Curetis-Group-Company-Ares-Genetics-and-BGI-Group-Collaborate-to-Offer-Next-Generation-Sequencing-and-PCR-based-Coronavirus-2019-nCoV-Testing-in-Europe.html|title=Curetis Group Company Ares Genetics and BGI Group Collaborate to Offer Next-Generation Sequencing and PCR-based Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Testing in Europe|date=30 January 2020|website=GlobeNewswire News Room|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131201626/https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/01/30/1977226/0/en/Curetis-Group-Company-Ares-Genetics-and-BGI-Group-Collaborate-to-Offer-Next-Generation-Sequencing-and-PCR-based-Coronavirus-2019-nCoV-Testing-in-Europe.html|archive-date=31 January 2020|url-status=live|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref><ref name="20200130businessinsider">{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-know-if-you-have-the-coronavirus-pcr-test-2020-1|title=There's only one way to know if you have the coronavirus, and it involves machines full of spit and mucus|last=Brueck|first=Hilary|name-list-format=vanc|date=30 January 2020|website=Business Insider|access-date=1 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200201034232/https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-know-if-you-have-the-coronavirus-pcr-test-2020-1|archive-date=1 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Maaaring suriin ang dugo, ngunit kailangan ng dalawang sampol ng dugo na kukunin sa pagitan ng dalawang linggo at halos walang agarang silbi ang mga resulta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117|title=Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases|access-date=26 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221192745/https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117|archive-date=21 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Nakabukod ang mga Tsinong dalub-agham ng isang uri ng koronabirus at nakalathala ng [[Nucleic acid sequence|henetikong pagkakasunud-sunod]] para makabuo nang nakapag-iisa ang mga laboratoryo sa buong mundo ng mga pagsusuring [[Polymerase chain reaction|patanikalang tambisa ng polymerase]] ''(PCR)'' upang matunton ang impeksyon ng birus.<ref name="Hui14Jan20202" /><ref name="Cohen17Jan20202">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cohen J, Normile D|title=New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm|journal=Science|volume=367|issue=6475|pages=234–35|date=January 2020|pmid=31949058|doi=10.1126/science.367.6475.234|bibcode=2020Sci...367..234C|url=https://mcb.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2341/2020/01/WuhanScience24Jan2020.pdf|access-date=11 February 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211230310/https://mcb.uconn.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2341/2020/01/WuhanScience24Jan2020.pdf|archive-date=11 February 2020}}</ref><ref name="ncbiWuhanGenomes">{{cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/virus/vssi/#/virus?SeqType_s=Nucleotide&VirusLineage_ss=Wuhan%20seafood%20market%20pneumonia%20virus,%20taxid:2697049|title=Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 data hub|website=NCBI|url-status=live|access-date=4 March 2020|name-list-format=vanc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321235550/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/virus/vssi/#/virus?SeqType_s=Nucleotide&VirusLineage_ss=Wuhan%20seafood%20market%20pneumonia%20virus,%20taxid:2697049|archive-date=21 March 2020}}</ref> Noong pagsapit ng 19 Marso 2020,<ref name="Vogel2020">{{cite journal|title=New blood tests for antibodies could show true scale of coronavirus pandemic|last=Vogel|first=Gretchen|journal=Science|date=2020|issn=0036-8075|doi=10.1126/science.abb8028}}</ref> wala pang pagsusuri ng mga antibody ngunit sinisikap na makabuo ng mga ganito sa ngayon.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Pang J, Wang MX, Ang IY, Tan SH, Lewis RF, Chen JI, Gutierrez RA, Gwee SX, Chua PE, Yang Q, Ng XY, Yap RK, Tan HY, Teo YY, Tan CC, Cook AR, Yap JC, Hsu LY|display-authors=6|title=Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review|journal=Journal of Clinical Medicine|volume=9|issue=3|page=623|date=February 2020|pmid=32110875|doi=10.3390/jcm9030623}}</ref> Inapbrubahan ng FDA ang unang [[Point-of-care testing|pagsusuring punto ng pag-aalaga]] noong 21 Marso 2020 para gamitin sa katapusan ng buwang iyon.<ref>{{cite press release|title=Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Issues first Emergency Use Authorization for Point of Care Diagnostic|date=21 March 2020|publisher=FDA|url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-first-emergency-use-authorization-point-care-diagnostic|access-date=22 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321224700/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-first-emergency-use-authorization-point-care-diagnostic|archive-date=21 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
Iminungkahi ng mga panuntunang pangririkonosi na inilabas ng Ospital ng Zhongnan ng [[Unibersidad ng Wuhan]] ang mga paraan para matunton ang mga impeksyon batay sa mga katangiang klinikal at epidemiyolohikong panganib. Kabilang dito ang pagkilala sa mga taong may hindi bababa sa dalawa ng sumusunod na sintomas bukod sa kasaysayan ng pagbibiyahe papunta sa [[Wuhan]] o pakikipag-ugnayan sa mga ibang nahawang tao: lagnat, katangian ng pulmonya sa larawan, karaniwan o bumabang bilang ng puting sihay-dugo, o bumabang bilang ng [[Lymphocyte|limposayt]].<ref name=":32">{{cite journal|vauthors=Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS, Cheng H, Deng T, Fan YP, Fang C, Huang D, Huang LQ, Huang Q, Han Y, Hu B, Hu F, Li BH, Li YR, Liang K, Lin LK, Luo LS, Ma J, Ma LL, Peng ZY, Pan YB, Pan ZY, Ren XQ, Sun HM, Wang Y, Wang YY, Weng H, Wei CJ, Wu DF, Xia J, Xiong Y, Xu HB, Yao XM, Yuan YF, Ye TS, Zhang XC, Zhang YW, Zhang YG, Zhang HM, Zhao Y, Zhao MJ, Zi H, Zeng XT, Wang YY, Wang XH|display-authors=6|title=A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)|journal=Military Medical Research|date=February 2020|volume=7|issue=1|page=4|doi=10.1186/s40779-020-0233-6|doi-access=free|pmid=32029004|pmc=7003341}}</ref>
Naghinuha ang isang rebyu noong Marso 2020 na maliit lang ang silbi ng mga [[Chest radiograph|rayos-ekis sa dibdib]] sa mga unang yugto, habang may silbi ang mga CT scan ng dibdib bago pa man ang paglitaw ng mga sintomas.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Salehi|first=Sana|last2=Abedi|first2=Aidin|last3=Balakrishnan|first3=Sudheer|last4=Gholamrezanezhad|first4=Ali|date=2020-03-14|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review of Imaging Findings in 919 Patients|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|language=en|pages=1–7|doi=10.2214/AJR.20.23034|issn=0361-803X|pmid=32174129}}</ref> Kabilang sa mga karaniwang katangian sa CT ang mga ''bilateral multilobar [[Ground glass opacity|ground-glass opacificity]]'' na may ''peripheral, asymmetric and posterior distribution''.<ref name=":02" /> Nagkakaroon ng [[Pleural cavity|''subpleural dominance'']], [[Crazy paving|''crazy paving'']]{{clarify|date=March 2020}} at [[Pulmonary consolidation|''consolidation'']] habang kumakalat ang sakit.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lee|volume=0|archive-date=8 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200308143943/https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30134-1/fulltext|accessdate=13 March 2020|pmid=32105641|issn=1473-3099|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30134-1|pages=384–385|issue=4|language=English|first1=Elaine Y. P.|journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30134-1/fulltext|title=COVID-19 pneumonia: what has CT taught us?|date=24 February 2020|first3=Pek-Lan|last3=Khong|first2=Ming-Yen|last2=Ng|url-status=live}}</ref> Noong pagsapit ng Marso 2020, inirerekumenda ng [[American College of Radiology|Amerikanong Kolehiyo ng Paladiglapan]] na "hindi dapat gamitin ang CT upang magpasuri o bilang unang pagsusuri upang irikonosi ang COVID-19".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.acr.org/Advocacy-and-Economics/ACR-Position-Statements/Recommendations-for-Chest-Radiography-and-CT-for-Suspected-COVID19-Infection|title=ACR Recommendations for the use of Chest Radiography and Computed Tomography (CT) for Suspected COVID-19 Infection|last=|first=|date=2020-03-22|website=American College of Radiology|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328055813/https://www.acr.org/Advocacy-and-Economics/ACR-Position-Statements/Recommendations-for-Chest-Radiography-and-CT-for-Suspected-COVID19-Infection|archive-date=28 March 2020|access-date=}}</ref><gallery mode="packed" heights="100">
Talaksan:COVID19CT2.webp|Karaniwang pasya ng paglalarawan ng CT
Talaksan:COVID19CT1.webp|Paglalarawan ng CT ng mabilisang baytang-baytang na yugto
</gallery>
=== Palasakitan ===
Kaunti lamang ang mayroong datos tungkol sa mikroskopyong sugat at patopisyolohiya ng COVID-19.<ref>[https://jcp.bmj.com/content/early/2020/03/20/jclinpath-2020-206522 Autopsy in suspected COVID-19 cases] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328202232/https://jcp.bmj.com/content/early/2020/03/20/jclinpath-2020-206522|date=28 March 2020}}, Hanley B et al, J Clin Pathol, {{PMID|32198191}}</ref><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32172546 A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies], Yao XH et al., {{PMID|32172546}}</ref> Ang pangunahing palasakitang pasya sa awtopsiya ay:
* [[Macroscopic scale|Makroskopiya]]: pamamaga ng [[Pleurisy|pliyura]] at/o [[Pericarditis|perikardyo]], [[Lung consolidation|pagsiksik ng baga]] at [[Pulmonary oedema|pamamanas sa baga]]
* Maoobserbahan ang apat na antas ng kalubhaan ng [[Viral pneumonia|pulmonyang biral]]:
** munting [[pulmonya]]: munting malasuwerong [[Exudate|katas]], munting katas ng [[fibrin]]
** mahinahong pulmonya: [[Pulmonary oedema|pamamanas sa baga]], ''[[pneumocyte]] [[hyperplasia]]'', malaking di-tipikong [[pneumocyte]], [[Inflammation|pamamagang]] interstisyal na may [[Infiltration (medical)|pagtatagos ng]] [[Lymphocytic|lymphocyte]] and pagbubuo ng [[Giant cell|multinukleong dambuhalang sihay]]
** matinding pulmonya: [[Diffuse alveolar damage|nakakalat na pagkasira sa supot-hangin]] (DAD) na may nakakalat na [[Exudates|katas]] ng [[Pulmonary alveolus|supot-hangin]]. Responsable ang nakakalat na DAD sa naoobserbang [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|sindrom ng matalas na sakit sa palahingahan]] (ARDS) at matinding [[hypoxemia]] sa ganitong sakit.
** gumagaling na pulmonya: [[Healing|organisasyon]] ng mga [[Exudate|katas]] sa [[Pulmonary alveolus|butas ng supot-hangin]], at [[Pulmonary fibrosis|interstisyal na fibrosis sa baga]]
** [[Plasma cell|plasmocytosis]] sa [[Bronchoalveolar lavage|BAL]]<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Exuberant plasmocytosis in bronchoalveolar lavage of the first patient requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for SARS-CoV-2 in Europe|first1=Marco|last1=Giani|first2=Davide|last2=Seminati|first3=Alberto|last3=Lucchini|first4=Giuseppe|last4=Foti|first5=Fabio|last5=Pagni|date=16 March 2020|journal=Journal of Thoracic Oncology: Official Publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer|doi=10.1016/j.jtho.2020.03.008|pmid=32194247}}</ref>
* [[Dugo]]: [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|pamumuo ng dugo sa ugat sa buong katawan]] (DIC) <ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32212240|title=Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia|first=David|last=Lillicrap|date=1 April 2020|journal=Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis: JTH|volume=18|issue=4|pages=786–787|via=PubMed|doi=10.1111/jth.14781|pmid=32212240}}</ref>; ''leukoerythroblastic reaction''<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32212392|last5=Cohen|doi=10.1002/ajh.25793|via=PubMed|journal=American Journal of Hematology|date=25 March 2020|last7=Graff|first7=John P.|last6=Ku|first6=Nam|first5=Stuart H.|title=Leukoerythroblastic reaction in a patient with COVID-19 infection|last4=Thompson|first4=George R.|last3=Schivo|first3=Michael|last2=Dwyre|first2=Denis M.|last1=Mitra|first1=Anupam|pmid=32212392}}</ref>
* [[Atay]]: ''microvesicular [[steatosis]]''
== Pagpipigil ==
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