COVID-19: Pagkakaiba sa mga binago

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Linya 159:
Ayon sa WHO, inirerekumenda lang ang paggamit ng mask kung umuubo o bumabahing ang tao o kung nag-aalaga siya ng taong sinususpetsang may impeksyon.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/when-and-how-to-use-masks|title=When and how to use masks|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|access-date=8 March 2020|name-list-format=vanc|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307013848/https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/when-and-how-to-use-masks|archive-date=7 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Inirerekumenda naman ng iilang bansa na magsuot din ang mga malulusog na indibidwal ng mask. Kabilang dito ang Tsina,<ref name="nhc_masks">{{cite web|url=http://en.nhc.gov.cn/2020-02/07/c_76337.htm|title=For different groups of people: how to choose masks|work=NHC.gov.cn|publisher=National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China|date=7 February 2020|access-date=22 March 2020|archive-url=|archive-date=|quote="Disposable medical masks: Recommended for: · People in crowded places · Indoor working environment with a relatively dense population · People going to medical institutions · Children in kindergarten and students at school gathering to study and do other activities"}}</ref> [[Hong Kong]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/prevention_of_covid_19_en.pdf|title=Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)|website=[[Centre for Health Protection]]|access-date=22 March 2020|quote="Wear a surgical mask when taking public transport or staying in crowded places."|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321175110/https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/prevention_of_covid_19_en.pdf|archive-date=21 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Thailand|Taylandia]],<ref>{{cite news|title='Better than nothing': Thailand encourages cloth masks amid surgical mask shortage|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-thailand-masks/better-than-nothing-thailand-encourages-cloth-masks-amid-surgical-mask-shortage-idUSKBN20Z0UT|first=Jiraporn|last=Kuhakan|work=Reuters|date=12 March 2020|quote="Thailand's health authorities are encouraging people to make cloth face masks at home to guard against the spread of the coronavirus amid a shortage of surgical masks.{{nbsp}}... The droplet from coughing and sneezing is around five microns and we have tested already that cloth masks can protect against droplets bigger than one micron."|access-date=22 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321192522/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-thailand-masks/better-than-nothing-thailand-encourages-cloth-masks-amid-surgical-mask-shortage-idUSKBN20Z0UT|archive-date=21 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Tsekia,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.euronews.com/2020/03/24/coronavirus-czechs-facing-up-to-covid-19-crisis-by-making-masks-mandatory|title=Coronavirus: Czechs facing up to COVID-19 crisis by making masks mandatory|last=|first=|date=2020|website=euronews|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200330233916/https://www.euronews.com/2020/03/24/coronavirus-czechs-facing-up-to-covid-19-crisis-by-making-masks-mandatory|archive-date=30 March 2020|access-date=}}</ref> at Austria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/austria-supermarket-face-mask/|title=Austria is making everyone who goes inside a supermarket wear a face mask|website=www.cbsnews.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331192209/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/austria-supermarket-face-mask/|archive-date=31 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Upang matugunan ang pangangailangan sa mga mask, tinatantya ng WHO na kakailanganing tumaas nang 40% ang pandaigdigang paggawa. Pinalala ng pag-iimbak at haka-haka ang problema. Dahil sa mga ito, tumaas nang anim ang presyo ng mga mask, natriple ang sa mga [[N95 masks|N95 respirator]], at moble ang sa gown.<ref>{{cite press release|title=Shortage of personal protective equipment endangering health workers worldwide|date=3 March 2020|publisher=WHO|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/03-03-2020-shortage-of-personal-protective-equipment-endangering-health-workers-worldwide|access-date=24 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305052623/https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/03-03-2020-shortage-of-personal-protective-equipment-endangering-health-workers-worldwide|archive-date=5 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Itinuturing ng iilang eksperto sa kalusugan ang pagsuot ng mga ''non-medical grade mask'' at iba pang pantakip sa mukha tulad ng mga bupanda at bandana bilang mabuting paraan upang maiwasan ng mga tao ang paghahawak sa kanilang bibig at ilong, kahit hindi sila pinoprotektahan ng mga di-medikal na pananakip mula sa direktang bahing o ubo mula sa nahawang tao.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/03/19/opinion/guidance-against-wearing-masks-coronavirus-is-wrong-you-should-cover-your-face/|title=Guidance against wearing masks for the coronavirus is wrong—you should cover your face—The Boston Globe|website=BostonGlobe.com|access-date=22 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322181032/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/03/19/opinion/guidance-against-wearing-masks-coronavirus-is-wrong-you-should-cover-your-face/|archive-date=22 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Pinapayuhan ng CDC ang mga narekunusi ng COVID-19 o mga naniniwala na maaaring nahawa sila na manatili sa bahay maliban sa magpapagamot, tumawag muna bago bumisita sa tagapangalaga ng kalusugan, magsuot ng ''face mask''peysmask bago pumasok sa opisina ng tagapangalaga ng kalusugan at kung nasa anumang silid o sasakyan kasama ng ibang tao, magtakip ng mga ubo at bahing gamit ang tisyu, maghugas ng mga kamay palagi gamit ang sabon at tubig, at mag-iwas sa pakikibahagi ng mga personal na kagamitan sa bahay.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention.html|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—Prevention & Treatment|date=10 March 2020|work=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|publisher=U.S. Department of Health & Human Services|access-date=11 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311163637/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/prevention.html|archive-date=11 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/steps-when-sick.html|title=What to do if you are sick with 2019&nbsp;Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)|author=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]|date=11 February 2020|language=en-us|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214153016/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/steps-when-sick.html|archive-date=14 February 2020|access-date=13 February 2020|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> Pinapayuhan din ng CDC ang mga indibidwal na maghugas ng kamay palagi gamit ang sabon at tubig nang hindi bababa sa 20 segundo, lalo na pagkatapos pumunta sa banyo o kapag halatang marumi ang kamay, bago kumain at pagkatapos suminga, umubo, o bumahing. Iminumungkahi pa nito ang paggamit ng ''alcohol-based [[Hand sanitiser|hand sanitizer]]'' na may 60% alkohol o higit pa, ngunit kapag walang sabon at tubig lamang.<ref name="CDC-Prevention & Treatment" />
 
Para sa mga lugar na hindi madaling makuha ang mga komersyal ng ''hand sanitizer'', nagbibigay ang [[Pandaigdigang Organisasyon sa Kalusugan|WHO]] ng dalawang pormulasyon para sa lokal na paggawa. Sa mga pormulasyong ito, nanggagaling ang aktibidad laban sa mikrobyo mula sa [[ethanol]] or [[isopropanol]]. Ginagamit ang [[Hydrogen peroxide|agua oksihenada]] upang alisin ang mga espora ng bakterya sa alkohol; "hindi siya aktibong sangkap para sa [[antisepsis|antiseptiko]] ng kamay". Idinaragdag ang [[glycerol]] bilang [[humectant]].<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK144054/|chapter=WHO-recommended handrub formulations|title=WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care.|date=19 March 2009|publisher=World Health Organization|access-date=19 March 2020}}</ref><gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
Linya 170:
[[File:DonningCDC2020.jpg|thumb|Apat na hakbang sa pagsusuot ng pansariling kagamitang pamprotekta<ref>{{cite web |title=Sequence for Putting On Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/ppe/PPE-Sequence.pdf |website=CDC |access-date=8 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305173617/https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/ppe/ppe-sequence.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
 
Inaasikaso ang mga tao sa pamamagitan ng [[supportive care|alagang pag-aalalay]], na kinabibilangan ng likido, [[oxygen support|suporta sa oksiheno]], at pagsusuporta sa ibang apektadong mahalagang sangkap.<ref name="NatureDale Fisher & David Heymann">{{cite journal | vauthors=Fisher D, Heymann D |title = Q&A: The novel coronavirus outbreak causing COVID-19 |journal=BMC Medicine |volume=18 |issue=1 |page=57 |doi=10.1186/s12916-020-01533-w |doi-access=free |pmid=32106852 |pmc=7047369 | date=February 2020 }}</ref><ref name="KuiFang2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kui L, Fang YY, Deng Y, Liu W, Wang MF, Ma JP, Xiao W, Wang YN, Zhong MH, Li CH, Li GC, Liu HG | display-authors = 6 | title = Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province | journal = Chinese Medical Journal | page = 1 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 32044814 |doi=10.1097/CM9.0000000000000744 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Wang Du Zhu Cao 2020 p.">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang T, Du Z, Zhu F, Cao Z, An Y, Gao Y, Jiang B | title = Comorbidities and multi-organ injuries in the treatment of COVID-19 | journal = Lancet | date = March 2020 | volume = 395 | issue = 10228 | pages = e52 | pmid = 32171074 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30558-4 | publisher = Elsevier BV }}</ref> Inirerekumenda ng CDC na magsuot ng ''face mask''peysmask ang mga nagsususpetsang nahawa ng birus.<ref name=CDC2020IfSick/> Nagamit na ang [[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation|pag-ooksiheno ng lamad sa labas ng katawan]] (ECMO) upang matagunan ang isyu ng paghinto ng palahingahan, ngunit tinatalakay pa rin ang kanyang benepisyo.<ref name="Guan Ni Hu Liang p."/>
 
Inilathala ng WHO at [[National Health Commission|Tsinong Pambansang Komisyon sa Kalusugan]] ang mga rekomendasyon sa pang-aalaga ng mga taong napaospital dahil sa COVID-19.<ref name="Cheng2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cheng ZJ, Shan J | title = 2019 Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know | journal = Infection | date = February 2020 | volume = 48 | issue = 2 | pages = 155–163 | pmid = 32072569 |doi=10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail/clinical-management-of-severe-acute-respiratory-infection-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected|title=Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected|website=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)|access-date=13 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131032122/https://www.who.int/publications-detail/clinical-management-of-severe-acute-respiratory-infection-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected|archive-date=31 January 2020|url-status=live }}</ref> Tinipon ng mga [[Critical care medicine|intensibista]] at [[Pulmonology|palabaga]] sa Amerika ang mga rekomendasyon sa paggamot mula sa iba't ibang ahensya sa isang libreng mapagkukunan, ang [[EMCrit|IBCC]].<ref name="IBCC">{{cite book |last=Farkas |first=Josh | name-list-format = vanc |date=March 2020 |title=COVID-19—The Internet Book of Critical Care |url=https://emcrit.org/ibcc/covid19/ |url-status=live |format=digital |type=Reference manual |language=English |location=USA |publisher=EMCrit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311195758/https://emcrit.org/ibcc/covid19/ |archive-date=11 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020}}</ref><ref name="UPenn-IBCC">{{cite web |url=https://guides.library.upenn.edu/covid-19 |title=COVID19—Resources for Health Care Professionals |publisher=[[Penn Libraries]] |date=11 March 2020 |access-date=13 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314035631/https://guides.library.upenn.edu/covid-19 |archive-date=14 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Linya 186:
Binabalangkas ng CDC ang mga tiyak na patnubay sa paggamit ng [[personal protective equipment|pansariling kagamitang pamprotekta]] (PPE) sa pandemya. Kabilang sa inirerekumendang kasuotan ang:
 
*[[Bentilador na panggamot|respirador]] o [[Surgical mask|''facemask''peysmask]]<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2018-130/ Filtering out Confusion: Frequently Asked Questions about Respiratory Protection, User Seal Check] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816114738/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2018-130/ |date=16 August 2019 }}. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (April 2018). Retrieved 16 March 2020.</ref><ref>[http://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2020/03/16/n95-preparedness/?deliveryName=USCDC_170-DM22692 Proper N95 Respirator Use for Respiratory Protection Preparedness] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327073252/https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2020/03/16/n95-preparedness/?deliveryName=USCDC_170-DM22692 |date=27 March 2020 }}. NIOSH Science Blog (16 March 2020). Retrieved 16 March 2020.</ref>
* [[Hospital gown|''gown'']]{{citation needed|date=April 2020}}
* [[medical glove|guwantes pangmedisina]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/infection-control/control-recommendations.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=11 March 2020 |date=11 February 2020 |name-list-format=vanc |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304165907/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/infection-control/control-recommendations.html |archive-date=4 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/caring-for-patients.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=8 March 2020 |date=11 February 2020 |name-list-format=vanc |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304165907/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/caring-for-patients.html |archive-date=4 March 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[eye protection|pamprotekta ng mata]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Eye Protection|date=11 February 2020|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/eye-protection.html|publisher=CDC|access-date=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323173916/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/eye-protection.html|archive-date=23 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Kapag mayroon, mas mainam ang mga respirador (sa halip ng mga ''facemask''peysmask).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/infection-control/control-recommendations.html|title=Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings|author=CDC|date=11 February 2020|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304165907/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/infection-control/control-recommendations.html|archive-date=4 March 2020|access-date=25 March 2020}}</ref> Inaprubahan ang respirador-N95 para sa industriya ngunit binigyang-awtorisasyon ng FDA ang mask para gamitin sa ilalim ng [[Emergency Use Authorization|Awtorisasyon para sa Kagipitang Paggamit]] (EUA). Idinisenyo sila upang magprotekta laban sa mga tipik sa hangin tulad ng alikabaok ngunit hindi garantisado ang bisa laban sa isang tiyak na elementong biyolohikal para sa paggamit na wala sa reseta.<ref>{{cite web|title=Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Frequently Asked Questions|url=https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-issues/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-frehttps://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malauti%C3%A1_de_coronavirus_de_2019quently-asked-questions#5e78ba94b86da|website=Food and Drug Administration}}</ref> Kapag walang magagamit na mask, inirerekumenda ng CDC ang paggamit ng panakip sa mukha, o bilang huling paraan ang mga mask na gawang-bahay.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/face-masks.html|title=Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Facemasks|date=11 February 2020|publisher=CDC|access-date=23 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323173927/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ppe-strategy/face-masks.html|archive-date=23 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
===De-makinang bentilasyon===
Linya 243:
 
===Eksperimental na paggamot===
Wala pang naaprubahang gamot para sa sakit ng WHO ngunit inirerekumenda ang ilan ng mga indibidwal na pambansang awtoridad sa medisina.<ref name="LiDeClerq">{{cite journal | vauthors = Li G, De Clercq E | title = Therapeutic options for the 2019&nbsp;novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) | journal = Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 149–150 | date = March 2020 | pmid = 32127666 | doi = 10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Nagsimula ang pananaliksik sa mga potensyal na gamot noong Enero 2020,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-hospital-idUSKBN20B1M6|title=Chinese doctors using plasma therapy on coronavirus, WHO says 'very valid' approach|newspaper=Reuters|date=17 February 2020|via=www.reuters.com|access-date=19 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304173709/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-hospital-idUSKBN20B1M6|archive-date=4 March 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> at ang ilang drogang panlaban sa birus ay nasa klinikal na pagsubok.<ref name="Reut_NIH_Moderna_3months">{{cite news | last1= Steenhuysen | first1= Julie | last2= Kelland | first2= Kate | name-list-format = vanc | title= With Wuhan virus genetic code in hand, scientists begin work on a vaccine | date= 24 January 2020 | agency= [[Reuters]] | url= https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-vaccines-idUSKBN1ZN2J8 |accessdate=25 January 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200125203723/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-vaccines-idUSKBN1ZN2J8 |archive-date= 25 January 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="clinicaltrialsarena">{{cite web|url=https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/analysis/coronavirus-mers-cov-drugs/|title=Coronavirus outbreak: Vaccines/drugs in the pipeline for Covid-19|last=Duddu|first=Praveen|date=19 February 2020|work=clinicaltrialsarena.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219184512/https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/analysis/coronavirus-mers-cov-drugs/|archive-date=19 February 2020|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref> Bagaman maaabutin ang 2021 bago mabuo ang mga bagong gamot,<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Lu H|date=28 January 2020|title=Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV).|journal=Biosci Trends|volume=14|issue=1|pages=69–71|doi=10.5582/bst.2020.01020|pmid=31996494}}</ref> inaprubahan na ang iilang gamot na sinusuri para sa mga ibang paggamit, o ay nasa huling yugto ng pagsubok.<ref name="LiDeClerq" /> Maaaring subukin ang gamot panlaban sa birus sa mga taong may matinding sakit.<ref name="NatureDale Fisher & David Heymann" /> Inirekumenda ng WHO na makibahagi ang mga boluntaryo sa mga pagsubok sa bisa at kaligtasan ng mga potensyal na gamot.<ref name="ThomReut_notreatment_20200205">{{cite news|last1=Nebehay|first1=Stephanie|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-treatments-who-idUSKBN1ZZ1M6|title=WHO: 'no known effective' treatments for new coronavirus|date=5 February 2020|access-date=5 February 2020|url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205155653/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-treatments-who-idUSKBN1ZZ1M6|archive-date=5 February 2020|agency=[[Thomson Reuters]]|last2=Kelland|first2=Kate|last3=Liu|first3=Roxanne|name-list-format=vanc}}</ref>
 
===Teknolohiyang pang-impormasyon===
Linya 307:
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|Tsina noong pagsapit ng 11 Pebrero<ref name="Epidemiology2020Feb17">{{cite journal|vauthors=Yanping Z, et al.|collaboration=The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team|title=The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19)—China, 2020|url=http://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/id/e53946e2-c6c4-41e9-9a9b-fea8db1a8f51|journal=China CDC Weekly|volume=2|issue=8|pages=113–122|date=17 February 2020|publisher=[[Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention]]|access-date=18 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219142101/http://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/id/e53946e2-c6c4-41e9-9a9b-fea8db1a8f51|archive-date=19 February 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Heymann Shindo 2020 pp. 542–45">{{cite journal | vauthors=Heymann DL, Shindo N | title=COVID-19: what is next for public health? | journal=Lancet | volume=395 | issue=10224 | date=February 2020 | pmid=32061313 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3 | doi-access=free | pages=542–45 }}</ref>
|Tsina noong pagsapit ng 11 Pebrero<ref name="Epidemiology2020Feb17" />
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