Teresa Teng

Si Teresa Teng (Enero 29, 1953 – Mayo 8, 1995) (Tsinong pinapayak: 邓丽君; Tsinong tradisyonal: 鄧麗君; pinyin: Dèng Lìjūn), na binabaybay ding Teresa Tang o Teresa Deng kung minsan, ay isang kilala at maimpluhong mangaawit mula sa Bayan ng Yunlin, Taiwan. Kinagiliwan siya ng lahat ng mga pamayanan nagsasalita ng wikang Tsino at maging sa Hilagang Asya, lalo na sa bansang Hapon, sa loob ng 30 taon. Nakilala siya dahil sa mga awiting-bayan at mga kundiman, na tanyag pa rin magpahanggang sa ngayon.

Teresa Teng
Talaksan:Teresa Teng.gif
Pangalang Tsino	鄧麗君 (Tradisyunal)
Pangalang Tsino	邓丽君 (Payak)
Pinyin	Dèng Lìjūn (Mandarin)
Jyutping	dang6 lai6 gwan1 (Kantones)
Pangalan nang isilang	Teng Li-Chun
Mga ninuno	Hebei
Pinagmulan	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Kapanganakan	29 Enero 1953(1953-01-29) Yunlin, Taiwan
Kamatayan	8 Mayo 1995(1995-05-08) (edad 42) Chiang Mai, Thailand
Libingan	Chin Pao San 25°15′04″N 121°36′14″E
Ibang pangalan	Teresa Tang, Teresa Deng
Hanapbuhay	Singer
Anyo ng musika	Mandopop, Cantopop, J-Pop
Instrumento	Singing
Tatak ng rekord	Polydor, PolyGram
Taong aktibo	1967 – 1995

Marami siyang na nagawang mga awitin, kabilang ang When Will You Return? (Kailan Ka Magbabalik?, Tsino: 何日君再来; pinyin: Hé Rì Jūn Zài Lái). Bukod sa kaniyang mga awiting sa wikang Mandarin, lumikha rin siya ng mga awiting nasa wikang Taiwanes, Kantones, wikang Hapon, wika ng Indonesya, at Ingles.

Talambuhay

Isinilang si Teresa Teng sa bayan ng Yunlin, sa Taiwan, sa isang mag-anak na Tsinong nagmula sa lalawigan ng Hebei sa [[Mainland China|lupain ng Tsina. Nakapag-aral siya sa Mataas na Paaralang Pambabae ng Ginling.

Sa kaniyang kabataan, mayroon nang kaayaayang boses pang-awit si Teng na naging dahilan ng pagwawagi niya sa maraming mga parangal at patimpalak. Nakamit ni Teng ang pinakauna niyang pangunahing gantimpala noong 1964 para sa "Visiting Yingtai" Pagdalaw sa Yingtai, na mula sa pelikulang dula ng Magkakapatid na Shaw na pinamagatang The Love Eterne (Ang Walanghanggang Pag-ibig, 梁山伯与祝英台) na pinapasinayaan ng Himpilang Radyo Tsino ng Taiwan. Dahil sa tagumpay sa pag-awit, natulungan niya ang kaniyang mag-anak noong kapanahunan ng mga paghihirap at suliraning pang-sangkabuhayan sa Taiwan, na nagsisimula pa lamang umunlad noong mga dekada ng 1960. Para tulungan ang kaniyang ama, hindi nagpatuloy si Teng sa pag-aaral upang tahakin ang larangan sa pag-awit.

Noong 1968, napabantog siya matapos lumahok sa isang kilalang tanghalang pangtugtugin sa Taiwan, at naglabas ng maraming mga album sa loob ng mga sumunod na taon, sa ilalim ng panandang Life Records. Noong 1973, sinubok niyang umawit para sa kalakalang pang-Hapon sa ilalim ng pangangasiwa ng kumpanyang Polydor, at sa pamamagitan din ng paglahok sa Kōhaku Uta Gassen ng bansang Hapon, isang paligsahan ng mga matatagumpay ng mga manganganta ng taon. Buong taong isinasagawa ang Kōhaku Uta Gassen ng Hapon, kung saan nagwagi ng gantimapalang "Pinamagaling na Bagong Bituing Mangaawit" si Teng.

Noong 1974, minahal siya ng bansang Hapon dahil sa awiting "Airport" (Paliparan, 空港). Nanatili si Teng bilang pangunahing bituin mang-aawit sa Hapon, bagaman napatapon at hindi nakabalik ng maikling panahon noong 1979, kung kailan siya napaalis dahil sa pagtungo sa Hapon na gumagamit ng hindi totoong pasaporteng pang-Indonesia na nagkakahalaga ng $20,000. Isa sa mga dahilang pampulitika sa pagkakapaalis ni Teng ang pagpuputol ng ugnayan sa pagitan ng Taiwan at Hapon nang sumali sa Konsehong Panseguridad ng Mga Nagkakaisang Bansa. Noong mga panahong iyon, nakakaawit na si Teng sa mga wikang Mandarin, Kantones, Hapon, Ingles, kung kaya't napabantog na siya kahit sa Malaysia at Indonesia.

Noong 1983, inilabas niya ang pinakakinikilala niyang album na Light Exquisite Feeling (Magaan at Kakaibang Pakiramdaman, 淡淡幽情). Binubuo ng 12 tulang Ci mula sa Dinastiyang Tang at Song na sinaliwan ng makabagong Kanluranin at nakaugaliang tugtuging Tsino, na isinulat ng iba't ibang mga manlilikha ng awitin at tugtugin. Kabilang sa mga ito ang mga kompositor na naghanda ng mga naunang album ni Teresa Teng. Mula sa album na ito, ang awiting "Wishing We May Last Long" (Hinihiling Kong Magtagal Sana Tayo, 但愿人长久) ang naging pinakatanyag. Ang mga awitin ni Teng ay mas makikilala ng mga pangkasalukuyang salinlahing tagapakinig ng mga tugtugin mula kay Faye Wong, isang mang-aawit ng Hong Kong. Teresa Teng's music is still well known throughout the world today (especially in Asia). So popular that her music was banned for several years in Mainland China in the early 1980s for being too "bourgeois". Even though she had hope to hold a concert in Tiananmen Square and was even personally invited by the Chinese government, she would never have the opportunity to perform in China. She performed in Paris during the 1989 Tiananmen student uprising, singing for the students and proclaiming her support for them and for democracy. On May 27th, 1989, over 300,000 people gathered at the Happy Valley Racecourse in Hong Kong for a gathering called "Democratic songs dedicated for China" (民主歌聲獻中華). She also performed the song called "My home is on the other side of the mountain."

She sang many Japanese songs, including her own originals such as "Airport" (空港) and "I Only Care About You" (時の流れに身をまかせ or 我只在乎你), as well as some in tribute to original artists like Southern All Stars, most of which were re-written with Chinese lyrics.

Death and commemorations

Long time asthmatic, Teng died from a severe asthma attack while on holiday in Chiang Mai, Thailand at the age of 42 (43 by Chinese reckoning) on May 8, 1995. She was given a state funeral at home in Taiwan, with the Republic of China flag draped over her coffin and the ROC President Lee Teng-hui, Taipei Mayor Chen Shui-bien, and many other notable politicians in attendance.

She was buried in a mountainside tomb at Chin Pao San (金寶山; Jinbaoshan, literally Golden Treasure Mountain), a cemetery near Jinshan, Taipei County in Taiwan. A memorial was built at the tomb with a statue of Teng and her stage clothes on display, with her music playing in the background. There is also a large electronic piano keyboard that visitors can play by stepping on the keys. The tomb is well visited by her fans, a notable departure from traditional Chinese culture shunning visits to burial sites.

A house she bought in 1986 in Hong Kong at No. 18 Carmel Street also become a site of pilgrimage for her fans soon after her death. Plans to sell the home to finance a museum in Shanghai were made known in 2002, and subsequently sold for HK 32 million. It closed on what would have been her 51st birthday on January 29, 2004.

To commemorate the 10th anniversary of her death, Teresa Teng Culture and Education Foundation launched a campaign entitled "Feel Teresa Teng". In addition to organizing an anniversary concert in Hong Kong and Taiwan, music fans paid homage at her shrine at Chin Pao San Cemetery. Additionally, some of her dresses, jewelry and personal items were placed on exhibition at Yuzi Paradise, an art park outside Guilin, China.

In May 2002, the wax figure of Teng was unveiled at Madame Tussauds Hong Kong.

Influence on popular culture

• Her songs were so popular in Chinese Karaoke bars that they bypassed mainland censorship, and it was said that "by day, Deng Xiaoping rules China, but by night, Deng Lijun rules."
• Teng's songs have been sung by other singers, most notably Faye Wong who released a tribute album (Decadent Sounds of Faye) consisting entirely of cover songs originally sung by Teresa Teng. Timi Zhuo is also known for singing her songs, and has been called her "second generation" because they both share the same soft voice and a similar singing style.
• In the 1996 Hong Kong film Comrades: Almost a Love Story (甜蜜蜜), directed by Peter Chan, the life and death of Teresa Teng is featured as a subplot to the main story.
• Her songs are played in various films, e.g. Rush Hour 2.
• In 2007, TV Asahi produced a tanpatsu (単発, TV movie), entitled Teresa Teng Monogatari (テレサ・テン物語) to commemorate the 13th anniversary of her death. Actress Yoshino Kimura starred as Teresa Teng.

Some of her most popular songs

• "When Will You Return?" - This theme song was also unofficially used in Meteor Garden where Shan Tsai's mother (Tsukushi) sings the first few stanzas. This song was originally sung by the Shanghai songstress Zhou Xuan
• "Endless Love" (Bu Liao Qing)- This was a song originally sang by Koo Mei, who sang on behalf of the late actress Lin Dai in the movie with the same name (Bu Liao Qing). This was covered by Tsa Chin and a Cantonese version was sung by Anita Mui. This was later given a rap version by David Tao
• "Wine Added to Coffee" - This theme song was unofficially used in Meteor Garden II when Shan Tsai's father gets drunk after work where a few stanzas were sung
• "As Gentle As a Breeze" (Tsino: 恰似你的温柔; pinyin: Qià Sì Nǐ De Wēn Róu, lit: Just Like Your Tenderness), covering a song originally recorded by Tsai Chin (蔡琴)
• "A Small Wish" (Tsino: 一个小心愿; pinyin: Yī Gè Xiǎo Xīn Yuàn)
• "The Milky Way" (Tsino: 云河; pinyin: Yún Hé, lit: Cloud River)
• "Fragrance of the Night" (Tsino: 夜来香; pinyin: Yè Lái Xiāng)
• "How Would You Explain" (Tsino: 你怎么说; pinyin: Kàn Jīn Tiān Nǐ Zěn Mé Shuō, lit: Let's See What You'll Say Today)
• "Raining on the East Mountain" (Tsino: 东山飘雨西山晴; pinyin: Dōng Shān Piāo Yǔ Xī Shān Qíng, lit: East Mountain Raining West Mountain Clear)
• "The Moon Represents My Heart" (Tsino: 月亮代表我的心; pinyin: Yuè Liàng Dài Biǎo Wǒ De Xīn) - This song has been popularized by other artists like the late Leslie Cheung in the album Forever, Jerry Yan in the F4 concerts and Sammi Cheng with Jerry Yan in a duet. A fast version was sung by Linda Wong. The late Anita Mui sang this song as a tribute to Teresa Teng; she had also performed it as a duet with Andy Lau. A rap format was made by David Tao. This song was also translated into Filipino and sung by Zsa Zsa Padilla for the film Mano Po 2. Kim Chiu also sang her own version of the song
• "Stroll on the Road of Life" (Tsino: 漫步人生路; pinyin: Màn Bù Rén Shēng Lù)
• "Your Sweet Smiles" (Tsino: 甜蜜蜜; pinyin: Tián Mì Mì, lit: Sweet Honey Honey) - This song was later used in Love Storm, sung by Leon Lai in a livelier format and by Machi Didi in a rap format. The late Roman Tam also sang this in tribute to Teresa Teng
• "On the Other Side of the Water" (Tsino: 在水一方; pinyin: Zài Shǔi Yī Fāng)
• "Small Town Story" (Tsino: 小城故事; pinyin: Xiǎo Chéng Gù Shì)
• "Forget Him" (Tsino: 忘记他; pinyin: Wàng Jì Tā)
• "Do You Know Whom I Love" (Tsino: 你可知道我爱谁; pinyin: Nǐ Kě Zhī Dào Wǒ Ài Shéi)
• "Thank You" (Tsino: 谢谢你; pinyin: Xiè Xiè Nǐ)
• "Goodbye My Love" (Tsino: 再见，我的爱人; pinyin: Zài Jiàn, Wǒ De Ài Rén, Indonesian language: Selamat Tinggal Kekasih) - This is Teresa Teng's most popular song in Indonesia. Teresa Teng recorded the Indonesian version of this song in 1977, translated by Indonesian composer A. Riyanto for her only album in Indonesian
• "Wishing We Last Forever" (Tsino: 但愿人长久/水调歌头; pinyin: Dàn Yuàn Rén Cháng Jǐu/Shuǐ Diāo Gē Tou) - A traditional poem, transformed into a song. Faye Wong later covered this song. Jolin Tsai also sang this song while Jay Zhou was on piano
• "How Many Worries" (Tsino: 几多愁/虞美人; pinyin: Jǐ Duō Chóu/Yú Měi Rén) - Another poem turned into a song
• "I Only Care About You" (Padron:Zh-tp; Japanese: 時の流れに身をまかせ (Toki-ni nagare-ni mi-o makase), "I Leave Myself in the Hands of The Flow of Time") - She also sang this in a duet with Jackie Chan and with Itsuki Hiroshi. This was also sung by Gigi Leung later on
• "Fruit" (Japanese: 別れの予感 (Wakare-no yokan))
• "To Live With You From Now On" (Japanese: あなたと共に生きてゆく)(Anata to Tomo ni Ikite Yuku) - This was her last Japanese single. This song was re-sung by the song's lyricist Zard's Izumi Sakai in 2005. Surprisingly, the new version included music played by Erhu and contained Mandarin dialogues, in memory of Teng's 10th death anniversary.

Major song awards she received in Japan

Teresa Teng received the following major song awards in Japan.

• The Japan Record Awards (日本レコード大賞, Nihon Rekōdo Taishō)

Awarded each year are: Grand Prix (1), Best Song Award (1), Best New Singer Award (1), Gold Awards (10), New Singers Award (5), and more than 20 other awards.

Teresa Teng won the New Singers Award (新人賞) for her 「空港」（Kūkō) in 1974, and the Gold Award (金賞) in 1986 for her 「時の流れに身をまかせ」 (Toki no Nagare ni Mi o Makase). In 1995, she was awarded the Special Merit Award (特別功労賞）.

• All-Japan Cable Radio Awards (全日本有線放送大賞, Zen-Nihon Yūsen Hōsō Taishō)

Awarded each year are: Grand Prix (1) and about 15 other awards.

Teresa Teng won the Grand Prix （グランプリ）three times, as follows: for her 「つぐない」 (Tsugunai) in 1984, 「愛人」(Aijin) in 1985, and 「時の流れに身をまかせ」(Toki no Nagare ni Mi o Makase) in 1986. This was the first time that any singer had won the Grand Prix for three years in a row.

In 1987, she won the Outstanding Star Award (優秀スター賞) for her 「別れの予感」(Wakare no Yokan).

• Japan Cable Radio Awards (日本有線大賞, Nihon Yūsen Taishō)

Awards Teresa Teng received were as follows:

1984: the Grand Prix （大賞）, the Best Hit Award, and the Cable Radio Music Award -- for 「つぐない」 (Tsugunai) .

1985: the Grand Prix, the Best Hit Award, and the Cable Radio Music Award -- for 「愛人」(Aijin) .

1986: the Grand Prix, the Best Hit Award, and the Cable Radio Music Award -- for 「時の流れに身をまかせ」(Toki no Nagare ni Mi o Makase) .

Again, this was the first time that any singer had won the Grand Prix for three years in a row.

1987 and 1988: the Cable Radio Music Award for her 「別れの予感」(Wakare no Yokan).

1995: She was awarded the Cable Radio Special Merit Award (有線功労賞) for having won the Grand Prix three years in a row,

Mga talaugnayang panlabas

• Teresa Teng Foundation, 鄧麗君文教基金會
• Ang Nag-iisang Teresa Teng 鄧麗君 テレサ・テン
• publicradio.org
• Moon Represents my Heart (Ang Buwan ang Kinatawan ng Puso Ko) - Mga titik at kahulugan

Parangal
Sinundan: George Lam	Golden Needle Award of RTHK Top Ten Chinese Gold Songs Award 1995	Susunod: Alan Tam