Wikang Mandarin: Pagkakaiba sa mga binago
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Linya 4:
Sinasalita ang Mandarin ng mahigit sa 800 milyong mga tao sa buong mundo, mahigit kaysa ibang mga wika. Ang Pamantayang Mandarin ay isa sa anim na opisyal na wika sa [[Mga Bansang Nagkakaisa]].
== Pagsusulat ==
Ang Mandarin ay isinusulat sa pamamagitan ng mga panitik o karakter na Intsik na tinatawag na ''Hàn zì'' (漢字 o 汉字). Bawat ''Hànzì'' ay may kanikaniyang bigkas at kahulugan. Maglalaman ang isang pangkaraniwang talahuluganan o diksyunaryo ng nasa bandang 10,000 mga panitik. Ang Sinasalitang Mandarin ay gumagamit ng napakaraming mga pinagtambal-tambal na mga salita, mga salitang nagsasama-sama ng mga kahulugan katulad ng sa paraan ng pagtatambal sa Tagalog, halimbawa na ang "buntot-page", "bahay-kubo", "pook-pasyalan", at iba pa.
Ilan sa mga Intsik na panitik ang orihinal na may pagkakonkrretong mga larawan ng mga bagay na kinakatawan nila. Sa paglipas ng mga panahon, pinili ng mga taong magsulat ng mas payak na mga bersyon na mas maginhawa o mas madaling isulat subalit hindi na kamukha ng tunay na bagay, katulad ng kung paano natin paminsan-minsang iginuguhit ang mga taong patpat sa halip na gumuhit ng mga tao na may kamukha ng tunay na mga katawan, mga bisig, mga hita, at iba pa. Narito ang ilang mga halimbawa:
<center>
{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4" width="604"
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Archaic'''
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Seal script'''
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Traditional Modern'''
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Simplified'''
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Pinyin'''
| valign="middle" align="center" | '''Gloss'''
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ren arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ren sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">人</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | rén
| valign="middle" align="center" | human
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:U5973-radical-38 early-form.svg|50px]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Nuu sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">女</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | nǚ
| valign="middle" align="center" | female human
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Zi arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Zi sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">子</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | zǐ
| valign="middle" align="center" | child
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ri arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ri sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">日</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | rì
| valign="middle" align="center" | sun
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Yue arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Yue sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">月</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | yuè
| valign="middle" align="center" | moon
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Shan arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Shan sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">山</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | shān
| valign="middle" align="center" | mountain
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Chuan arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Chuan sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">川</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | chuān
| valign="middle" align="center" | river
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Shui arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Shui sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">水</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | shuǐ
| valign="middle" align="center" | water
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Yu arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Yu sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">雨</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | yǔ
| valign="middle" align="center" | rain
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Zhu arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Zhu sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">竹</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | zhú
| valign="middle" align="center" | bamboo
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Mu arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Mu sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">木</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | —
| valign="middle" align="center" | mù
| valign="middle" align="center" | tree
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ma arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Ma sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">馬</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="6">马</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | mǎ
| valign="middle" align="center" | horse
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Niao arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Niao sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">鳥</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="6">鸟</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | niǎo
| valign="middle" align="center" | bird
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Gui arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Gui sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">龜</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="6">龟</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | guī
| valign="middle" align="center" | turtle
|-----
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Long arch.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | [[Image:Long sigil.png]]
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="7">龍</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | <font size="6">龙</font>
| valign="middle" align="center" | lóng
| valign="middle" align="center" | dragon
|}
</center>
Most characters, however, are made by combining pictures, using one to give a general meaning, and the other to represent a sound. For instance, "媽 mā" (mom) is made by adding 女 (nǚ, human female) to 馬 (mǎ, horse). The "ma" part is only there to represent the sound.
In ancient Chinese, one character is generally enough for one word, but spoken Mandarin uses mostly compounds like "媽媽 māma," which is just "mama." Other examples show different ways of combining components:
*火車 huǒ chē (lit. fire vehicle) locomotive, train
*大人 dà rén (lit. big person) adult
*打開 dǎ kāi (lit. strike open) open up (door, window, envelope, etc.)
Just as the English used in Great Britain favors "petrol" but the English used in the United States almost always uses "gasoline," different regional languages in China may use different compound words to name the same thing.
==Tingnan din==
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