Silangang Europa

Ang Silangang Europa ay ang silangang bahagi ng kontinente ng Europa. Ang kataga ay mayroong malawak na pagkakaiba sa pag-unawang heopolitiko, pangheograpiya, pangkultura, at pangsosyoekonomiya, kung kaya't nakabatay ito sa diwa at may katangiang pabagu-bago.^[1] Isang kahulugan ang naglalarawan na ang Silangang Europa ay isang entidad na makakultura at etno-kultural: bilang isang rehiyong nakalagay sa Europa na ang pangunahing mga katangian ay binubuo ng mga impluwensiyang Bisantino, Kristiyanismong Pangsilangan (Ortodoks) at ng maliit at may limitasyon na impluwensiyang Ottoman.^[2]^[3] Isa pang kahulugan ang isinasang-alang-alang ng ilang mga may-akda bilang hindi na napapanahon,^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] ay nalikha noong panahon ng Digmaang Malamig at ginagamit, humigit-kumulang, bilang katumbas ng katagang Bloke ng Silangan. Isang kahalintulad na kahulugan ang nagpangalan sa dating mga estadong komunista sa Europa na nasa labas ng Unyong Sobyet bilang "Silangang Europa".^[3]

Ang Silangang Europa at ang Gitnang Europa ay isang tahanan para sa bunton ng mga Hudyo hanggang sa dekada ng 1940^[9] ay ang pook na pinagsimulan ng Hudaismong Hasidiko, Hudaismong Litvak at ilan pang mga simbahang Ortodoks.

Mga sanggunian

↑ "The Balkans", Global Perspectives: A Remote Sensing and World Issues Site. Wheeling Jesuit University/Center for Educational Technologies, 1999-2002.
↑ A Subdivision of Europe into Larger Regions by Cultural Criteria prepared by Peter Jordan, the framework of the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (StAGN), Vienna, Austria, 2006
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Ramet, Sabrina P. (1998), Eastern Europe: politics, culture, and society since 1939, Indiana University Press, p. 15, nakuha noong 2011-10-05{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "The geopolitical conditions (...) are now a thing of the past, and some specialists today think that Eastern Europe has outlived its usefulness as a phrase."Regions, Regionalism, Eastern Europe by Steven Cassedy, New Dictionary of the History of Ideas, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2005, nakuha noong 2010-01-31{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "The Economist: Eastern Europe a bogus term - South Eastern Europe - The Sofia Echo". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-04-26. Nakuha noong 2012-11-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "One very common, but now outdated, definition of Eastern Europe was the Soviet-dominated communist countries of Europe."http://www.cotf.edu/earthinfo/balkans/BKdef.html
↑ "Too much writing on the region has - consciously or unconsciously - clung to an outdated image of 'Eastern Europe', desperately trying to patch together political and social developments from Budapest to Bukhara or Tallinn to Tashkent without acknowledging that this Cold War frame of reference is coming apart at the seams. Central Europe Review: Re-Viewing Central Europe By Sean Hanley, Kazi Stastna and Andrew Stroehlein, 1999 Naka-arkibo 2017-10-31 sa Wayback Machine.
↑ Berglund, Sten; Ekman, Joakim; Aarebrot, Frank H. (2004), The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing [via Google Books], p. 2, nakuha noong 2011-10-05, The term 'Eastern Europe' is ambiguous and in many ways outdated.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
↑ Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress: History of Israel http://motherearthtravel.com/history/israel/history-2.htm

Ang lathalaing ito na tungkol sa Europa at Heograpiya ay isang usbong. Makatutulong ka sa Wikipedia sa pagpapalawig nito.

[TheBalkans-1] "The Balkans", Global Perspectives: A Remote Sensing and World Issues Site. Wheeling Jesuit University/Center for Educational Technologies, 1999-2002.

[UN-2] A Subdivision of Europe into Larger Regions by Cultural Criteria prepared by Peter Jordan, the framework of the Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (StAGN), Vienna, Austria, 2006

[EasternEuropeHandbook-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Ramet, Sabrina P. (1998), Eastern Europe: politics, culture, and society since 1939, Indiana University Press, p. 15, nakuha noong 2011-10-05{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[4] "The geopolitical conditions (...) are now a thing of the past, and some specialists today think that Eastern Europe has outlived its usefulness as a phrase."Regions, Regionalism, Eastern Europe by Steven Cassedy, New Dictionary of the History of Ideas, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2005, nakuha noong 2010-01-31{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[sofiaecho.com-5] "The Economist: Eastern Europe a bogus term - South Eastern Europe - The Sofia Echo". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-04-26. Nakuha noong 2012-11-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[cotf.edu-6] "One very common, but now outdated, definition of Eastern Europe was the Soviet-dominated communist countries of Europe."http://www.cotf.edu/earthinfo/balkans/BKdef.html

[CEreview-7] "Too much writing on the region has - consciously or unconsciously - clung to an outdated image of 'Eastern Europe', desperately trying to patch together political and social developments from Budapest to Bukhara or Tallinn to Tashkent without acknowledging that this Cold War frame of reference is coming apart at the seams. Central Europe Review: Re-Viewing Central Europe By Sean Hanley, Kazi Stastna and Andrew Stroehlein, 1999 Naka-arkibo 2017-10-31 sa Wayback Machine.

[8] Berglund, Sten; Ekman, Joakim; Aarebrot, Frank H. (2004), The handbook of political change in Eastern Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing [via Google Books], p. 2, nakuha noong 2011-10-05, The term 'Eastern Europe' is ambiguous and in many ways outdated.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

[9] Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress: History of Israel http://motherearthtravel.com/history/israel/history-2.htm

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