Marcionismo

Ang Marcionismo ay isang sinaunang Kristiyanong dualistang paniniwala na nagmula sa mga katuruan ni Marcion ng Sinope sa Roma noong mga taong 144 CE. ^[1] Si Marcion ay naniniwalang si Hesus ay isang mesiyas na ipinadala ng diyos at si Apostol Pablo ang kanyang hepeng apostol ngunit kanyang itinakwil ang Lumang Tipan(o Tanakh) at ang diyos ng Israel na si Yahweh(o Elohim). Ang mga Marcionista ay naniniwalang ang mapaghiganting diyos ng mga Israelita ay isang hiwalay at mababang entidad kesa sa mapagpatawad na diyos ng Bagong Tipan. Ang paniniwalang ito ay katulad ng mga katuruan ng Gnostisismo sa paraang ang mga ito ay dualistiko. Ang Marcionismo tulad ng Gnostisismo ay naglarawan sa diyos ng mga Israelita sa Lumang Tipan bilang isang malupit o demiurge at si Marcion ay tinawag na gnostiko ni Eusebius. ^[2] Ang kanon ni Marcion ay binubuo ng labing isang(11) mga aklat na binubuo ng sampung(10) mga seksiyon sa Ebanghelyo ni Lucas na binago ni Marcion at ang sampung mga epistula ni Pablo. Ang ibang mga aklat sa Bagong Tipan ay itinakwil ni Marcion.^[3] Ang mga sulat ni Pablo ay nagtamasa ng mahalagang posisyon sa kanon ng sektang Marcionismo dahil naniniwala silang si Pablo ang tamang naghatid ng unibersalidad ng mensahe ni Hesus. Ang ibang mga epistula o aklat sa Bagong Tipan ay itinakwil ng mga tagasunod nito dahil ang mga ito ay tila nagmumungkahing si Hesus ay nagtatag lamang ng isang bagong sekta sa loob ng Hudaismo.

Ang sektang Marcionismo ay binatikos ng mga katunggali nito at tinawag na isang heresiya(maling paniniwala). Ang mga katunggaling sekta ng Marcionismo ay nagtuon rin ng panahon sa pag-atake rito gaya ng makikita sa aklat na Adversus Marcionem ni Tertullian.

Mga sangguniain

↑ (115 years and 6 months from the Crucifixion, according to Tertullian's reckoning in Adversus Marcionem, xv)
↑ "Marcion was the most earnest, the most practical, and the most dangerous among the Gnostics, full of energy and zeal for reforming, but restless rough and eccentric. He has a remote connection with modern questions of biblical criticism and the canon. He anticipated a rationalistic opposition to the Old Testament and to the Pastoral Epistles, but in a very arbitrary and unscrupulous way. He could see only superficial differences in the Bible, not the deeper harmony. He rejected the heathen mythology of the other Gnostics, and adhered to Christianity as the only true religion; he was less speculative, and gave a higher place to faith. But he was utterly destitute of historical sense, and put Christianity into a radical conflict with all previous revelations of God; as if God had neglected the world for thousands of years until he suddenly appeared in Christ. He represents an extreme anti-Jewish and pseudo-Pauline tendency, and a magical supranaturalism, which, in fanatical zeal for a pure primitive Christianity, nullifies all history, and turns the gospel into an abrupt, unnatural, phantomlike appearance. Marcion was the son of a bishop of Sinope in Pontus, and gave in his first fervor his property to the church, but was excommunicated by his own father, probably on account of his heretical opinions and contempt of authority..86 He betook himself, about the middle of the second century, to Rome (140–155), which originated none of the Gnostic systems, but attracted them all. There he joined the Syrian Gnostic, Cerdo." History of the Christian Church, Volume II: Ante-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 100-325. Marcion and his School by PHILIP SCHAFF [1]
↑ Eusebius' Church History

[1] (115 years and 6 months from the Crucifixion, according to Tertullian's reckoning in Adversus Marcionem, xv)

[2] "Marcion was the most earnest, the most practical, and the most dangerous among the Gnostics, full of energy and zeal for reforming, but restless rough and eccentric. He has a remote connection with modern questions of biblical criticism and the canon. He anticipated a rationalistic opposition to the Old Testament and to the Pastoral Epistles, but in a very arbitrary and unscrupulous way. He could see only superficial differences in the Bible, not the deeper harmony. He rejected the heathen mythology of the other Gnostics, and adhered to Christianity as the only true religion; he was less speculative, and gave a higher place to faith. But he was utterly destitute of historical sense, and put Christianity into a radical conflict with all previous revelations of God; as if God had neglected the world for thousands of years until he suddenly appeared in Christ. He represents an extreme anti-Jewish and pseudo-Pauline tendency, and a magical supranaturalism, which, in fanatical zeal for a pure primitive Christianity, nullifies all history, and turns the gospel into an abrupt, unnatural, phantomlike appearance. Marcion was the son of a bishop of Sinope in Pontus, and gave in his first fervor his property to the church, but was excommunicated by his own father, probably on account of his heretical opinions and contempt of authority..86 He betook himself, about the middle of the second century, to Rome (140–155), which originated none of the Gnostic systems, but attracted them all. There he joined the Syrian Gnostic, Cerdo." History of the Christian Church, Volume II: Ante-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 100-325. Marcion and his School by PHILIP SCHAFF [1]

[3] Eusebius' Church History

[1]

[2]

[3]