Ang dinastiyang Kayar (tungkol sa tunog na ito pakinggan ; Persa: سلسله قاجارSelsele-ye Qājār, Aseri: Qacarlar قاجارلر)[a] ay dating isang Iraniyanong[1] maharlikang dinastiya na may Turkong pinagmulan,[2][3][4][5] partikular mula sa liping Kayar, na namuno sa buong Iran mula 1789 hanggang 1925.[6][7] Kinuha ng pamilyang Kayar ang buong kontrol ng Iran noong 1794, na pinapatalsik si Lotf 'Ali Khan, ang huling Shah ng dinastiyang Zand, at muling giniit ang soberanyang Iraniyano sa malaking bahagi ng Kaukaso. Noong 1796, madaling sinakop ni Mohammad Khan Qajar ang Mashhad,[8] na winakasan ang dinastiyang Afsharid, at pormal na kinoronahan si Mohammad Khan bilang Shah pagkatapos ng kanyang pampahirap na kampanya laban sa mga Heorhiyanong nasasakupan.[9] Sa Kaukaso, permanenteng nawalan sa loob ng ika-19 na dantaon ang dinastiyang Kayar ng maraming mahahalagang lugar sa Iran[10] na napunta sa mga Ruso, na binubuo ng makabagong Heorhiya, Dagestan, Azerbaijan at Armenya.[11]

Dinastiyang Kayar
BansaDakilang Estado ng Persya
Sambahayang pangninunoLinyang Qoyunlu ng liping Kayar
Mga pamagatShah ng Iran
TagapagtatagAgha Mohammad Shah (1789–1797)
Panghuling pinunoAhmad Shah (1909–1925)
Pagtatatag1789
Pagkakatanggal sa katungkulan1925
Mga sangay na kadetepamilyang Bahmani

Mga Shah na Kayar ng Persya, 1789–1925 baguhin

Pangalan Larawan Titulo Kapanganakan-Kamatayan Unang panunungkulan Huling panunungkulan
1 Mohammad Khan Qajar   Khan[12]
Shah[12]
1742–1797 1789[13] 17 Hunyo 1797
2 Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar Shahanshah[12]
Khaqan[12]
1772–1834 17 Hunyo 1797 23 Oktubre 1834
3 Mohammad Shah Qajar   Anak na Khaqan ni Khaqan[12] 1808–1848 23 Oktubre 1834 5 Setyembre 1848
4 Naser al-Din Shah Qajar   Zell'ollah (Anino ng Diyos [sa daigdig])[12]
Qebleh-ye 'ālam (Ikutan ng Sansinukob)[12]
Islampanah (Kanlungan ng Islam) (sa Ingles)[12]
1831–1896 5 Setyembre 1848 1 Mayo 1896
5 Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar   1853–1907 1 Mayo 1896 3 Enero 1907
6 Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar   1872–1925 3 Enero 1907 16 Hulyo 1909
7 Ahmad Shah Qajar   Sultan 1898–1930 16 Hulyo 1909 31 Oktubre 1925

Mga pananda baguhin

  1. rinomanisado din bilang Ghajar, Kadjar, Qachar atbp.

Mga sanggunian baguhin

  1. Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3 (sa Ingles)
  2. Cyrus Ghani. Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power, I. B. Tauris, 2000, ISBN 1-86064-629-8, p. 1 (sa Ingles)
  3. William Bayne Fisher. Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 344, ISBN 0-521-20094-6 (sa Ingles)
  4. Dr. Parviz Kambin, A History of the Iranian Plateau: Rise and Fall of an Empire, Universe, 2011, p.36, online edition.
  5. Jamie Stokes and Anthony Gorman, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 2010, p.707, Online Edition: "The Safavid and Qajar dynasties, rulers in Iran from 1501 to 1722 and from 1795 to 1925 respectively, were Turkic in origin." (sa Ingles)
  6. Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I. B. Tauris, pp 2–3; "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty." (sa Ingles)
  7. Choueiri, Youssef M., A companion to the history of the Middle East, (Blackwell Ltd., 2005), 231,516. (sa Ingles)
  8. H. Scheel; Jaschke, Gerhard; H. Braun; Spuler, Bertold; T Koszinowski; Bagley, Frank (1981). Muslim World (sa Ingles). Brill Archive. pp. 65, 370. ISBN 978-90-04-06196-5. Nakuha noong 28 Setyembre 2012.
  9. Michael Axworthy. Iran: Empire of the Mind: A History from Zoroaster to the Present Day, Penguin UK, 6 Nob. 2008. ISBN 0141903414 (sa Ingles)
  10. Fisher et al. 1991, p. 330.
  11. Timothy C. Dowling. Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond, pp 728-730 ABC-CLIO, 2 dec. 2014 ISBN 1598849484 (sa Ingles)
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 Amanat, Abbas (1997), Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896, Comparative studies on Muslim societies (sa Ingles), I. B. Tauris, p. 10, ISBN 9781860640971
  13. Perry, J. R. (1984). "ĀḠĀ MOḤAMMAD KHAN QĀJĀR". In Yarshater, Ehsan (pat.). Encyclopædia Iranica (sa Ingles). Bol. I/6. pp. 602–605. in Ramażān, 1210/ March, 1796, he was officially crowned shah of Iran.