Wikipedia

Hidwaang Sabah

(Idinirekta mula sa 2013 Lahad Datu standoff)

Ang Hidwaang Sulu-Malaysia o Hidwaang Sabah[8] (11 Pebrero 2013 - 29 Hunyo 2013, 5°7′3″N 119°10′26″E / 5.11750°N 119.17389°E / 5.11750; 119.17389; nakikilala ang artikulong ito sa Ingles bilang 2013 Lahad Datu standoff) ay nagsimula matapos naglayag ang 235 mga Pilipino, patungo sa Lahad Datu, Sabah, sa pulo ng Borneo mula Simunul, Tawi-Tawi noong 11 Pebrero 2013.[9][10][11] Ang Marangal na mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo,[9] ay ipinadala ni Sultan Jamalul Kiram III, is sa mga nangaangkin sa trono ng Kasultanan ng Sulu. Sinabi ni Kiram na ang kanilang pakay as iresolba ang pagmamay-ari sa Hilagang Borneo na kasalukuyang tinatawag na Sabah.[12]

2013 Lahad Datu standoff
Bahagi ng North Borneo dispute
Mapa ng rehiyon[1]
Petsa11 Pebrero 2013 – 29 Hunyo 2013
Pook
Silangang Sabah sa Tanduo, Lahad Datu;
Semporna; Tawau; Kunak
Dulot ngHindi pagsama ng hidwaan sa soberenidad ng silangang Sabah sa Kasunduang Bangsamoro
GoalsPagbawi ng territoryo para sa Kasultanan ng Sulu
MethodsOkupasyon
Katayuannangyayari
Mga partido sa labanang sibil
Pangunahing mga tao
Jamalul Kiram III
Agbimuddin Kiram
Nur Misuari		 Benigno Aquino III
Leila de Lima
Albert del Rosario		Najib Razak
Hishammuddin Hussein
Ahmad Zahid Hamidi
Ismail Omar
Zulkifeli Mohd. Zin
Musa Aman
Number
10,235
10 barko ng
Philippine Navy
at ng Coast Guard[4]
1500+
Casualties and losses
Nasawi: 20
Sugatan: 4
Nasawi: 0
Sugatan: 0
Nasawi: 12
Sugatan: 3

Ang mga tauhan ng Kapulisan ng Malaysia ay pinalibutan ang barangay ng Tanduo sa Lahad Datu kung saan nanatili ang grupo. Kasalukuyang sinusubukan iresolba ng bansang Pilipinas ang pangyayari sa mapayapang paraan.[13] Subalit, ang bansang Malaysia ay gumamit ng karahasan noong 1 Marso.

Mga kaalaman

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Pagmamay-ari ng Sabah

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Matagal nang inaangkin ng Pilipinas ang Sabah. Base ito sa namanang lupa ng Kasultanan ng Sulu na kinabibilangan ng Kapuluan ng Sulu at ang Hilagang Borneo. Kasalukuyang nagbabayad ng renta ang Malaysia sa pamilyang Kiram, ang mga tagapagmana ng Kasultanan ng Sulu, ayon sa isang kasunduan ng North Borneo Company.[14]

Pagtatalo sa paghahari sa Sulu

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Hindi tiyak kung sino ang karapat-dapat na naghahari bilang Sultan ng Sulu. Maliban kay Jamalul Kiram III, ang iba pa niyang kamag-anak ay nang-aaankin sa titulo.

Simula ng digmaan

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Hindi nakabilang ang mga tagapagmana ng Sulu sa usapang pangkapayapaan sa ng the pamahalaan ng Pilipinas at ng Moro Islamic Liberation Front, na innilathala noong 7 Oktubre 2012 ng Pangulo ng Pilipinas Benigno Aquino III. Dahil dito, iniutos ni Sultan Jamalul Kiram III noong 11 Nobyembre 2012 na nararapat angkinin ng kanyang mga tagasuporta ang kanilang lupaing kaninuninuan sa Sabah. Inatasan niya ang kanyang nakababatang kapatid na lalaki at Raja Mudah o Prinsipe na si Prinsipe Agbimuddin Kiram na pmahalaan ang grupo.[9][15]

Noong 11 Pebrero 2013, si Agbimuddin Kiram at hindi bababa sa 100 mga tagasunod ang nagtungo sa barangay ng Tanduo, malapit sa Tungku sa Distrito ng Lahad Datu, Sabah mula sa Simunul, Tawi-Tawi.[16][17]

Mga susunod na kaganapan

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Lahad Datu
 
Simunul
 
Semporna
 
Maynila
Mga lugar na may kinalaman sa digmaan.

Hinarang ng Kapulisan ng Malaysia ang dagat at ang paligid ng barangay kung sa nanatili ang Marangal ng mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[13] Sinubukang panatilihing mapayapa ng Pilipinas ang mga pangyayari.[18] Ninais nito magbigay ng tulong pangkatauhan sa mga grupong apektado..[19] Noong 26 Pebrero, sinabi ni Pangulo Aquino kay Sultan Kiram na utusan niyang pabaliknin sa Pilipinas ang kanyang mgatauhan para makipag-usap..[20] Natatakot si Pangulong Aquino na maaaring maghantong sa kaharasan ang mga pangyayari.[20][21][21][22]

Sinabi naman si Sultan Kiram na hindi niya pababalikin ang kangyang mga tauhan.[23] Ayon sa kanya, tahanan nila ang Sabah kaya't hindi sila ang dapat umalis kundi ang Malaysia. Inutusan din niya ang Malaysia na makipag-usap sa kanya.[23][24][25]

Paglusob ng Malaysia noong 1 Marso

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Noong 10:15 a.m. ng 1 Marso, linusob ng Kapulisan ng Malaysia ang mga tauhan ng Sultan. Namatay ang 12 kawal ng Sultan habang 3 sa mga pulis ng Malaysia ang namatay.[26] There were also two casualties from the Malaysian police. The owner of the house where Agbimuddin Kiram and his men had stayed was also killed in the shooting incident.[6][27]

Iginiit ng kalihim ng Tanggapan ng Pamamahalang Lokal na si Kalihim Hishammuddin Hussein na ang mga tauhan ni Sultan Kiram ang unang namaril.[28] Sinabi din ng Malaysia na walang namatay sa barilan.[5]

Sinabi ni Embahador Mohammad Zamri bin Mohammad Kassim sa kalihim ng Tanggapang ng Panlabas na Ugnayan na si Kalihim Albert Del Rosario na tapos na ang barilan at sumuko ang 10 mga tauhan ng Sultan. Ang iba namang mga tauhan ay tumakas patungo sa dagat.[27]

Binatikos naman ni Idjirani, ang tagapagsalita ng Sultan, pinagtatakip ng Malaysia ang katotohanan nang sinabi ng pamahalaan nitong walang namatay. Wala daw kakayahang makaganti ang mga tauhan ng Sultan dahil mga bolo lamang ang mga armas nila.[26] Ninanais din daw ng Sultan na dalhin ang pagtatalo sa Organisasyon ng Kooperasyong Islamiko at sa Komisyon sa Karapatang Pantao ng mga Nagkakaisang Bansa.[5][6]

Dahil dito inamin ni Punong Ministro ng Malaysia Najib Razak na mali ang mga una nilang pahayag at may mga namatay sa bakbakan.[29] Sinabi din niyang maaari nang gamitin ng Pulisya ng Malaysia ang kahit ano pang dahas para tapusin ang gulo at uubusin nila ang mga tauhan ng Sultan kung di sila susuko.[6][30]

Inamin naman ng parehong panig na nagpapatuloy pa rin ang kaguluhan at hindi ito titigil hangga't hindi nagkakaroon ng kasunduan ang Sultan ng Sulu, ang Malaysia, at ang Pilipinas.[31]

Insidente sa Kunak

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Noong 2 Marso 2013, may-roon daw nakitang mga "armadong tao" sa Kunak, isang barangay na malapit sa Lahad Datu at Semporna, ayon sa "pulisya" ng Malaysia.[32][33]

Barilan sa Semporna

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Noong 3 Marso, nagkaroon ng barilan sa Semporna patungkol sa hidwaan. Nakipagbarilan ang mga tagasuporta ng Sultan sa mga pulis ng Malaysia kung saan 2 sa mga tagasuporta ng Sultan ang namatay habang 5 pulis ang nabaril at namatay.[34][35][36][37] Binanggit din ng Sultan sa parehong na nahuli ng mga tauhan niya ang 4 sa mga pulis ng Malaysia na lumusob sa kanila.[38]

Brutal na pag-atake ng Sandatahang Lakas ng Malaysia

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Noong 5 Marso 2013, malubhang binomba ng Sandatahang Panghimpapawid ng Malaysia ang puwersa ng Marangal na mga Kawal ng Kasultanan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[39][40][41][42] Sa Kuala Lumpur ipinagmalaki ni Punong Ministro Najib ang pagbobomba sa mga tauhan ng Sultan na kinabibilangan din ng mga kababaihan at mga sibilyan.[43][44][45] Pinananiwalaan namang nakatakas si Prinsipe Agbimuddin Kiram at ang iba niyang mga tauhan mula sa Kampung Tanduo. Ikinatuwa ito ng Pilipinas.[46][47]

Tulong mula sa Moro National Liberation Front

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Ang Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) ay nagpahayag na tutulungan nila ang mga tutulungan nilaang mga tauhan ng Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo,[48][49] ayon sa pinuno nitong si Nur Misuari.[50][51] Sinabi naman ni Murad Ibrahim na hindi pa muna sasali ang Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) habang nakikipag-usap pa sila sa Maynila.[52]

Bansag na "Terrorista"

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Noong 7 Marso 2013, Tinawag ng Tanggapan ng Pandayuhang Relasyon na ang mga kawal ng Sultan ay mga "terorista". Binatikos ng Pilipinas ang pahayag na ito at sinabi nilang hindi nararapat ang naturang bansag.[53][54]

Mga kaugnay na pangyayayari

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Pagbubura sa mga websayt ng Pilipinas at Malaysia

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On 3 March 2013, the website of Globe Telecom was defaced by hackers claiming to be from the "MALAYSIA Cyber Army". The group left the message, "Do not invade our country or you will suffer the consequences." The telecommunications company confirmed that its website had been hacked but assured the public that no sensitive information was stolen. The website was restored at around noon the same day.

In apparent retaliation, hackers identifying themselves as from Anonymous Philippines, attacked several Malaysian websites. They warned Malaysia to "Stop attacking our cyber space! Or else we will attack your cyber world!"[55] The website of Stamford College in Malaysia was also hacked with its front page replaced by a note that said: "The time has come to reclaim what is truly ours". It added, "Sabah is owned by the Philippines, you illegally [sic] claiming it."[56]

Pagbabago sa paghahanap sa Google ng salitang "Sabah"

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On 4 March 2013, a Google search for the word "Sabah" reflected a cached version of the territory's Wikipedia article. It said the Malaysian control of the state is "illegitimate" and that "in fact, [Sabah] is part of the Sultanate of Sulu." A spokesman for Google Malaysia said they have already been informed of the issue.[56][57]

Mga protesta sa embahada ng Malaysia

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Around 100 Filipinos organized a protest in front of the embassy of Malaysia in Makati on 5 March 2013. They called for an end to the violence in Sabah, while some expressed support for the cause of Kiram. At least 50 policemen and a fire truck were deployed in the area. The embassy later suspended its operations as a result of the protest.[58]

Mga pahayag ng mga politiko

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Both Malaysia and the Philippines will soon hold general elections. Consequently, politicians from both countries have been exploiting the issue for political gain.

Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak wants to investigate the opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim if he was involved in the incident to destablise the state, which is known to be the ruling party stronghold for the upcoming 13th general election, this began after an image showing the opposition leader with Nur Misuari of MNLF began circulating on the internet.[59][60] In the meantime, Anwar has started legal proceedings against government-owned newspaper Utusan Malaysia and television station TV3 for trying to link him to the Sultanate of Sulu incursions.[61][62] While Parti Keadilan Rakyat vice-president Tian Chua claimed that the ruling UMNO had deliberately staged the crisis as a conspiracy to divert and frighten the people of Sabah in favour of the ruling coalition.[63] The allegations perpetuated by both sides of the table was met with an outcry by the Malaysian public, there are various calls from the public and many key political personalities such as Ambiga Sreenevasan and Saifuddin Abdullah for both political parties to forge an unprecedented bi-partisan ties to settle the issue.

In the Philippines, senatorial candidates from the opposition blamed President Benigno Aquino III for sending unclear messages to the Kiram family.[64] They also said that the president is in danger of facing an impeachment court.[65] Meanwhile, Aquino himself blamed unnamed members of the previous Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo government as conspirators to the current conflict; while Aquino did not name names as he did not have evidence yet on the alleged conspiracy, Kiram's daughter Princess Jacel challenged Aquino to prove the allegations. Former National Security Adviser Norberto Gonzales denied that he is the one being alluded by Aquino.[66]

Hukumang Pandaigdig ng Katarungan (ICJ)

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Nais dalhin ng Pilipinas ang kaso ng Sabah sa Hukumang Pandaigdig ng Katanrungan (ICJ) para mapayapang malutas ang gusot. Handa nang mapadala ng kaso si Kalihim ng Katarugnan Leila de Lima sa ICJ at hinihintay na lamang niya ang pahintulot ni Pangulong Benigno Aquino III.[67][68] Nauna nang hiniling ng Sultan ng Sulu na si Sultan Jamalul III na gawin ng pamahalaan ito. Hindi naman natitinag ang Malaysia kung sakaling matuloy ang kaso.[69]

Mga namatay

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Mga patay
Petsa Lugar Kasultanan
ng Sulu		 Mga tauhan ng
Malaysia		 Sibilyan Lahat
1 Marso[29] Lahad Datu 12 2 1 15
3 Marso Semporna 7 6 0 13
6–7 Marso Kampung Tanjung Batu 0 0 31[70] 31
Kampung Tanduo 1 0 0 1
Totals 20 8 32 60

Mga reaksiyon

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W. C. Cowie, Punong Direktor ng North Borneo Chartered Company (BNBC) kasama ang Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.

Mga partido sa hidwaan

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  •   Pilipinas – Sinabi ng kalihim ng Tanggapan ng Panlabas na Ugnayan na si Kalihim Albert del Rosario na nararapat na irespeto ng Malaysia ang mga karapatan ng mga Pilipinong naninirahan ng legal doon at indinaing niya sa grupo na marapatin nang bumalik sa Pilipinas.[71] Walang basbas ng pamahalaan ng Pilipinas ang mga gawain ng grupo ng Sultan ng Sulu at Hilagang Borneo.[72]
  •   Malaysia – Sinabi ng Punong Ministro ng Malaysia na si Najib Razak kapag mas matagal manatili sa Sabah ng mga tauhan ng Sultan, mas magiging mapanganib sa kanila ang sitweasyon. Ayon din sa kanya na labag daw sa batas ang ginawa ng mga tauhan ng Sultan na bumalik sa kanilang pagmamanang lupa[73]
  •   Mga ibang nang-aangkin sa tronong Sulu:
    • Nalungkot si Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram, isa sa mga kamag-anak ni Jamalul Kiram III, sa mga pangyayari.[74][75]
    • Hindi sang-ayon si Fuad Kiram sa mga kaganapan.[76][77]
    • Sinabi ni Abdul Rajak Aliuddin na hindi niya nagugustuhan ang mga nangyayari.[78]
  •   Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF)- Sinabi ni Nur Misuari na magpapadala sila ng kaso patungong Organization of Islamic Cooperation at United Nations patungkol sa mga napatay na mga sibilyan dahil sa nagawang paglusob ng kapulisan ng Malaysia.[79]
  •   United Nations - Hiniling ni Ban Ki-Moon na sana'y matapos na ang kaharasan sa Sabah ng lalong madaling panahon. Sinabi din niyang sana irespeto ng Malaysia ang mga batas patungkol sa karapatang pantao.[80]

Mga iba pa

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  •   Australia – The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade has advised its citizens "against all travel to coastal areas of eastern Sabah, as well as nearby islands and dive sites" and that they should "exercise of a high degree of caution for other areas of Sabah." The Department added that they "continue to advise Australians to exercise normal safety precautions in Malaysia overall."[81]
  •   Canada – Canada advised its citizens to avoid travels to Eastern Sabah, especially to the towns of Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna and Tawau, as well as nearby islands and dive sites, including Sipadan. It urged its citizen already in the area to leave immediately as possible and monitor developments and comply with the orders of the local authorities.[82]
  •   Indonesia – Indonesian Consul General in Kota Kinabalu, Soepeno Sahid, said that "The Indonesian Consulate General has been keeping an eye on the situation and maintains communication with local law enforcement officials". 162 Indonesians, working in Lahad Datu evacuated six kilometers away from the site of clashes between the Malaysian security forces and armed Sulu men. All 162 Indonesians were safe according to the Foreign Ministry of Indonesia. The ministry also issued warning to Indonesian sailors not to sail waters near Sabah until total resolution to the incident.
  •   New Zealand – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade said that "there is high risk to [their citizens'] security in coastal areas and offshore Islands and dive sites remote from the main towns of eastern Sabah (from Kudat in the North and around the coast to Tawau)." The Ministry also advised against all tourist and other non-essential travel to these areas.[83]
  •   Taiwan (Republic of China) – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs raised the level of its travel warning to Sabah to "yellow" following the incident in the Malaysian state. A "yellow" travel warning reminds people to pay special attention to personal safety while traveling to affected areas and to reconsider any plans to travel to these areas. The Ministry said it will continue to keep a close watch on the development of the incident and will provide updated travel information for its citizens.[84]
  •   United Kingdom – The Foreign and Commonwealth Office advised its citizens "against all but essential travel to the area of Sabah running east along the coast from Lahad Datu to Sabah’s most easterly point and running south and east from a line joining Lahad Datu to Tawau through Kunak. This area includes Semporna and the islands immediately off the coast." It also advised "those currently in the region to consider leaving as soon as practicable and to follow the advice of the local police authorities."[85]
  •   United States - Ayon sa Embahador ng Estados Unidos na si Harry K. Thomas, Jr. na naniniwala siyang hindi mag-kakaroon ng kaguluhan mula dito dahil mayroong kakayahan ang Maynila at Kuala Lumpur na tapusin ito nang walang kaharasan.[86] Sinabi din niyang masaya ang Estados unidos sa usapan patungkol sa Bangsamoro.[87] On 1 March, the Embassy of the United States in Kuala Lumpur stated that "U.S. citizens are advised to avoid the Lahad Datu area for the foreseeable future, and monitor media reports regarding possible continued violence."[88] On 4 March a more detailed message included various precautions and advised against travel in "the coastal region extending from the eastern most tip of Sabah south to the border with Indonesia [including] the towns of Lahad Datu, Kunak, Semporna, and Tawau."[89]
  •   Germany - German Foreign Office issued a travel warning on March 3, stating a raised safety risk for the eastern districts of Sabah. It advised its citizens against "all not absolutely necessary travels into the districts of Tawau, Semporna, Kunak, Lahad Datu, Kinabatangan and Sandakan."[90]
  •   Hong Kong - The Security Bureau issued a yello travel warning on March 5, advising its residents planning go to Sabah to exercise caution and residents already in Sabah to monitor the situation. Residents are likely advised to avoid travelling to Lahad Datu, Kunak and Semporna in Sabah.[91]
  •   Poland - On 4 March Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a travel warning due to “civil unrest and the continuing high level of terrorist threat in the eastern part of the state of Sabah on the island of Borneo, including areas of localities of Lahud Datu and Semporna”.[92]
  •   Singapore - The Ministry of Foreign Affairs advised Singaporeans going to Eastern Sabah to comply to the advice of Malaysian security authorities, keep themselves informed about the situation through local news and avoid travel to Lahad Datu, Kunak and Semporna.[93]

Mga sanggunian

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  1. ↑ M. Jegathesan (2013-03-02). "Malaysia threatens 'drastic' steps in Borneo siege". Yahoo! News. Agence France-Presse.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. ↑ "Fearless Villagers Beat Sulu Militant to Death". theCHOICE. 4 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 11 Oktubre 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. ↑ "Sabahans will not forget Lahad Datu incident — Musa". The Borneo Post. 30 Hunyo 2013. Nakuha noong 11 Oktubre 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. ↑ "Philippines beefs up security to prevent “collateral incidents” from Sabah hostilities". NZWeek. 7 Marso 2013.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Spokesman claims 10 Kiram men killed in Sabah". ABS-CBN News. 1 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Malaysia standoff with armed Filipinos ends in violence". Yahoo! News. Reuters. 1 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 12 Abril 2013. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. ↑ "In Sabah, a thin red line at last deploys". The Malaysian Insider. 4 March 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 7 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 4 Marcg 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (tulong)
  8. ↑ "OFWs a casualty in Sabah conflict?" GMA News. March 1, 2013 3:00p.m.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Heirs of Sultan of Sulu pursue Sabah claim on their own". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 16 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 20 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  10. ↑ Ubac, Michael Lim; Pazzibugan, Dona Z. (3 Marso 2013). "No surrender, we stay". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  11. ↑ Mullen, Jethro (15 Pebrero 2013). "Filipino group on Borneo claims to represent sultanate, Malaysia says". CNN. Nakuha noong Pebrero 25, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  12. ↑ Frialde, Mike (23 Pebrero 2013). "Sultanate of Sulu wants Sabah returned to Phl". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 24 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "PH calls for peaceful solution to Borneo standoff". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 17 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  14. ↑ David, Randy. "The Sabah Standoff". Malaysia Today. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 24 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  15. ↑ "Malaysian security forces moving in on village". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 20 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  16. ↑ Mullen, Jethro (19 Pebrero 2013). "Filipinos' standoff in Borneo linked to peace deal with Muslim rebels". CNN. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  17. ↑ "Only Malaysians receive aid, says Lahad Datu district office". The Star. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  18. ↑ Vanar, Muguntan (22 Pebrero 2013). "Lahad Datu Standoff: Philippines naval ships in Tawi-Tawi waters to help stabilise situation". The Star. Nakuha noong Pebrero 25, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  19. ↑ Calica, Aurea (26 Pebrero 2013). "Phl wants diplomatic solution to Sabah standoff". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong Pebrero 26, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Chiu, Patricia Denise (26 Pebrero 2013). "Aquino to Sulu sultan: Order your followers to leave Sabah and go home". GMA News. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 "Statement of President Aquino on Sabah, February 26, 2013". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 26 Pebrero 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 1 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  22. ↑ Cheng, Willard (26 Pebrero 2013). "PNoy to Kiram: Bring your followers home". ABS-CBN News. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Avendaño, Christine O.; Ramos, Marlon; Ubac, Michael Lim; Quismundo, Tarra (27 Pebrero 2013). "Sulu sultan defies Aquino". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 27 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  24. ↑ Lapeña, Carmela (26 Pebrero 2013). "Sulu sultan remains defiant, says followers in Sabah won't go home". GMA News. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  25. ↑ "Encroachment Incident In Lahad Datu Will Be Immediately Resolved". Bernama. 26 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Carcamo, Dennis (1 Marso 2013). "Sulu sultan spokesman: 10 men killed in Sabah". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Santos, Matikas (1 Marso 2013). "Sabah standoff over—Malaysian envoy". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  28. ↑ "Kiram men opened fire at our forces: Malaysian official". ABS-CBN News. Agence France-Presse. 1 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 Anis, Mazwin Nik; Khoo, Simon; Vanar, Muguntan (1 Marso 2013). "Lahad Datu: PM confirms two commandos killed; regrets bloodshed". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 1 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  30. ↑ Anis, Mazwin Nik; Khoo, Simon (2 Marso 2013). "Najib: All-out action will now be taken against the intruders". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  31. ↑ Pazzibugan, Donna Z. (2 Marso 2013). "14 dead in Sabah assault". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  32. ↑ Pi, Thomas (3 Marso 2013). "Another group of intruders spotted". Free Malaysia Today. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 4 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  33. ↑ "Police, Armed Forces Beef Up Operations in Sabah's East Coast". Bernama. 3 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  34. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21646374 Malaysia police die in fresh Sabah gun battle
  35. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21646374 Malaysian police killed amid Sabah siege
  36. ↑ http://globalnation.inquirer.net/66447/5-malaysian-cops-2-sulu-gunmen-killed-in-fresh-clash-in-sabah#sthash.QtwKLcn9.dpuf
  37. ↑ http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/death-toll-rises-to-at-least-7-in-latest-violence-with-suspected-filipino-gunmen-in-malaysia/2013/03/03/8006e0fa-83c7-11e2-a671-0307392de8de_story.html[patay na link]
  38. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-03-06. Nakuha noong 2013-03-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  39. ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21665135
  40. ↑ http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/222933
  41. ↑ http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/297689/news/nation/malaysian-fighter-jets-bomb-sabah-camp-of-sultan-s-men
  42. ↑ "Malaysian security forces in all out attack against Sulu gunmen". The Star Online. 5 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 7 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  43. ↑ "Malaysian fighter jets bomb Sabah camp of sultan's men". GMA News. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  44. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-03-07. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  45. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-03. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  46. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-03-09. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  47. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-01-01. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  48. ↑ "Malaysia-trained MNLF men to join Kiram fighters, says Manila paper". The Malaysian Insider. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Marso 8, 2013. Nakuha noong Marso 6, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  49. ↑ "Malaysian-trained MNLF fighters join Sulu army". Free Malaysia Today. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong Marso 7, 2013. Nakuha noong Marso 6, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  50. ↑ http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/297773/news/nation/nur-misuari-denies-involvement-in-sabah-crisis
  51. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-03-06. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  52. ↑ http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2013/3/7/nation/12803669&sec=nation
  53. ↑ "Press Statement: Meeting with the Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines, H.E. Albert F. del Rosario on 4 March 2013". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. 5 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 8 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 7 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  54. ↑ Arcibal, Cheryl; Frialde, Mike (6 Marso 2013). "DFA denies calling Sultan followers as 'terrorists'". The Philippine Star. Nakuha noong 7 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: mga may-akda (link)
  55. ↑ "Sabah row spills over online: PHL, MY sites defaced". GMA News. 3 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 4 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "Sabah sultan followers take fight to cyberspace". Australia Network News. Agence France-Presse. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  57. ↑ Ding, Emily (5 Marso 2013). "In Lahad Datu conflict, Google bombs and Wiki-wars". The Malaysian Insider. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2 Hunyo 2015. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  58. ↑ "Malaysian embassy closed due to protests". ABS-CBN News. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  59. ↑ "'It's a plot to make Umno lose Sabah vote'". New Strait Times. 4 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  60. ↑ "PH, Malaysia blame politicians in Sabah 'conspiracy'". Rappler. 5 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 16 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  61. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2016-02-21. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  62. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2013-03-08. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  63. ↑ "Umno-Lahad Datu link: Tian Chua slammed". Free Malaysia Today. 2 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  64. ↑ "UNA on Sabah: Aquino sent mixed signals". Rappler. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  65. ↑ "Noynoy courts impeach over Sabah tack — UNA". The Daily Tribune. 4 March 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 7 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 6 March 2013. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (tulong); line feed character in |accessdate= at position 3 (tulong)
  66. ↑ "'Sabah claim a conspiracy'". Manila Standard Today. 6 Marso 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 28 Hulyo 2013. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  67. ↑ "Lawmakers ask PNoy to elevate PHL's Sabah claim to int'l court". GMA News. 7 Marso 2013.
  68. ↑ "De Lima wrapping up legal opinion on Sabah claim Naka-arkibo 2013-03-08 sa Wayback Machine.". Sun Star Manila. 7 Marso 2013.
  69. ↑ "‘Sulu Sultanate has no legal standing’ Naka-arkibo 2013-03-10 sa Wayback Machine.". Free Malaysia Today. 7 Marso 2013.
  70. ↑ "Filipino invaders say Malaysians troops shot 31 civilians". Hong Kong Standard. 7 Marso 2013.
  71. ↑ "DFA statement on the Filipinos in Lahad Datu, Sabah, February 15, 2013". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 15 Pebrero 2013. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 11 Agosto 2014. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  72. ↑ "Malaysia stand-off with Philippine group". BBC News Online. 15 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 19 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  73. ↑ Anis, Mazwin Nik; Ong, Han Sean (1 Marso 2013). "PM: Armed group in Lahad Datu should leave before authorities act". The Star Online. Nakuha noong 3 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  74. ↑ "Statement from Ampun Muedzul-Lail Tan Kiram, 35th Sultan of Sulu". PRLog. 15 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 21 Pebrero 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  75. ↑ Naidu, Sumisha (21 Pebrero 2013). "Multiple Sultans of Sulu making claims for Sabah" (video). Malaysiakini. Naganap noong 1:15. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 24 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  76. ↑ Nawal, Allan Afdal (26 Pebrero 2013). "2 more claim to be real sultan of Sulu". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  77. ↑ Jannaral, Julmunir I. (23 Pebrero 2013). "Govt-recognized Sultan of Sulu, Fuad Kiram, asks for sobriety, prayers for peace on standoff". The Manila Times. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 29 Abril 2013. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  78. ↑ "Businessman: I am the Sultan of North Borneo". The Star Online. 21 Pebrero 2013. Nakuha noong 26 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  79. ↑ http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/03/04/915534/mnlf-urges-oic-un-intervene-sabah
  80. ↑ "UN calls for end to violence in Sabah". Philippine Daily Inquirer. 6 Marso 2013.
  81. ↑ "Malaysia Travel advice". Smartraveller: The Australian Government's travel advisory and consular assistance service. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  82. ↑ http://travel.gc.ca/destinations/malaysia
  83. ↑ "NZ government travel advisory - Malaysia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand). 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  84. ↑ Hseih, Chia-chen; Kao, Y.L. (5 Marso 2013). "Taiwan issues yellow travel alert for Sabah, Malaysia". Focus Taiwan News Channel. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 7 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  85. ↑ "Malaysia travel advice". Foreign and Commonwealth Office. 5 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 5 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  86. ↑ Alipala, Julie and Rosauro, Ryan (23 Pebrero 2013). "US stays clear of Sabah row". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: mga may-akda (link)
  87. ↑ "US Hails Peace Deal". Manila Bulletin. 16 Oktubre 2012. Nakuha noong 25 Pebrero 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  88. ↑ "Reported Violence in Lahad Datu, Sabah (Borneo), Eastern Malaysia". Embassy of the United States - Kuala Lumpur. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 4 Marso 2016. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  89. ↑ "Violence in Coastal Eastern Sabah (Borneo)". Embassy of the United States - Kuala Lumpur. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 8 Marso 2013. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  90. ↑ "Malaysia: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise; last revised March 6, 2013". Auswärtiges Amt - Berlin. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  91. ↑ "Archive copy". Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2017-08-25. Nakuha noong 2013-03-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  92. ↑ "Malezja (Borneo) – ostrzeżenie dla podróżujących". Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. Nakuha noong 6 Marso 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  93. ↑ http://www.mfa.gov.sg/content/mfa/consular_information/for_singapore_citizens/travel_notices/2013/201303/travelnotice_201303062.html[patay na link]
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