Potasyo

Potassium, ₁₉K
	Potassium pearls (in paraffin oil, ~5 mm each)
Potassium
Bigkas	/pəˈtæsiəm/ (pə-TASS-ee-əm)
Appearance	silvery white, faint bluish-purple hue when exposed to air
Standard atomic weight Ar°(K)
	39.0983±0.0001; 39.098±0.001 (pinaikli);
Potassium sa talahanayang peryodiko
	argon ← potassium → calcium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	19
Group	1
Period	4
Block	s-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 8, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	336.7 K (63.5 °C, 146.3 °F)
Boiling point	1030.793 K (757.643 °C, 1395.757 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	0.8590 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	0.82948 g/cm3
Critical point	2223 K, 16 MPa
Heat of fusion	2.33 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	76.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	29.6 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1 (isang matapang na panimulang oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 0.82
Ionization energies	1st: 418.8 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 3052 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 4420 kJ/mol ; (more) ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 227 pm
Covalent radius	203±12 pm
Van der Waals radius	275 pm
	Mga linyang espektral ng potassium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	a = 532.69 pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	77.37×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	102.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	72 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+20.8×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	3.53 GPa
Shear modulus	1.3 GPa
Bulk modulus	3.1 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	2000 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness	0.4
Brinell hardness	0.363 MPa
CAS Number	7440-09-7
History
Discovery and first isolation	Humphry Davy (1807)
Symbol	"K": mula sa Bagong Latin na kalium
Isotopes of potassium t; b;
ε	40Ar
β+	40Ar
	Kategorya: Potassium; tingnan; usapan; baguhin; \| references

Ang potasyo o potasyum (Kastila: potasio, Ingles: potassium, may sagisag na K na mula sa kalium [huwag ikalito sa kalyo], may atomikong bilang na 19, atomikong timbang na 39.102, punto ng pagkatunaw na 63.65 °C, punto ng pagkulong 774 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 0.862, at balensyang 1) ay isang elementong metalikong ginagamit sa paggawa ng mga asing kailangang maisangkap sa abono at sabon. Katangian nito ang pagiging katulad ng pilak, may kalambutan, at madaling sumabog. Si Humphry Davy ang nakatuklas nito noong 1807.^[8]

Mga sanggunian

↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Potassium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1979.
↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Aitken, F.; Volino, F. (January 2022). "New equations of state describing both the dynamic viscosity and self-diffusion coefficient for potassium and thallium in their fluid phases". Physics of Fluids. 34 (1): 017112. doi:10.1063/5.0079944.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
↑ Haynes, William M., pat. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-92nd (na) edisyon). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.
↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Potassium, potasyo, potasyum - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Potassium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1979.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[aitK-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Aitken, F.; Volino, F. (January 2022). "New equations of state describing both the dynamic viscosity and self-diffusion coefficient for potassium and thallium in their fluid phases". Physics of Fluids. 34 (1): 017112. doi:10.1063/5.0079944.

[Arblaster_2018-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[5] Haynes, William M., pat. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-92nd (na) edisyon). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0.

[6] Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[7] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[Gaboy-8] Gaboy, Luciano L. Potassium, potasyo, potasyum - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.

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