Ang baryo o baryum (Kastila: bario,Ingles: barium) ay isang elementong kimikal na mag sagisag na Ba, atomikong bilang na 56, atomikong timbang na 137.34, punto ng pagkatunaw na 725 °C, punto ng pagkulong 1,140 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 3.50, at balensiyang 2. Malambot ito at parang maputing pilak na may alkalinang panglupang metal. Ginagamit ito sa deoksidasyon ng tansong nakalangkap sa mga aloy. Ginagamit itong sangkap na lason laban sa pesteng mga daga. Natuklasan ito ni Humphry Davy noong 1808.[8]

Barium, 56Ba
Barium
Pronunciation /ˈbɛəriəm/ (BAIR-ee-əm)
Appearancesilvery gray; with a pale yellow tint[1]
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ba)
  • 137.327±0.007
  • 137.33±0.01 (pinaikli)[2][3]
Barium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Sr

Ba

Ra
caesiumbariumlanthanum
Atomic number (Z)56
Group2
Period6
Block  s-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolido
Melting point1000 K ​(727 °C, ​1341 °F)
Boiling point2118 K ​(1845 °C, ​3353 °F)
Density (at 20° C)3.594 g/cm3[4]
when liquid (at m.p.)3.338 g/cm3
Heat of fusion7.12 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization142 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity28.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686 2170
Atomic properties
Oxidation states+1, +2 (isang matapang na panimulang oksido)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.89
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 502.9 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3600 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 222 pm
Covalent radius215±11 pm
Van der Waals radius268 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Mga linyang espektral ng barium
Other properties
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant
Body-centered cubic crystal structure for barium
a = 502.5 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal expansion20.47×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[4]
Thermal conductivity18.4 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity332 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[5]
Molar magnetic susceptibility+20.6×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Young's modulus13 GPa
Shear modulus4.9 GPa
Bulk modulus9.6 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod1620 m/s (at 20 °C)
Mohs hardness1.25
CAS Number7440-39-3
History
DiscoveryCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1808)
Isotopes of barium
Main isotopes[7] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
130Ba 0.11% (0.5–2.7)×1021 y εε 130Xe
132Ba 0.1% stable
133Ba synth 10.51 y ε 133Cs
134Ba 2.42% stable
135Ba 6.59% stable
136Ba 7.85% stable
137Ba 11.2% stable
138Ba 71.7% stable
Kategorya Kategorya: Barium
| references
Tungkol ito sa elementong kimikal, para sa bahagi ng pamayanang katumbas ng barangay, pumunta sa baryo.

Mga sanggunian

baguhin
  1. Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (ika-2nd (na) edisyon). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Barium" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1985.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  3. Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  5. Lide, D. R., pat. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (ika-86th (na) edisyon). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  7. Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
  8. Gaboy, Luciano L. Barium, Baryum, may simbolong Ba - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.